Best spectral regions: ARIES & TAFTS Up-Down, at 4 km Downwelling, at 4 km 1) I err = I* ( I Lines *2 ) 0.5 W/(m 2 * cm -1 ) 2) Surface at 0 km

Best spectral regions: ARIES & TAFTS Up-Down, at 4 km Downwelling, at 4 km 1) I err = I* ( I Lines *2 ) 0.5 2) Surface at 2 km Up-Down, at 7 km Up-Down, at 11 km

Water continuum and water dimers ( cm -1 ) 2 (PA), 2 (PD) 3 (PD), 1 (PD) 3 (PA) 1 (PD)+ 2 (PD) 2 (PA)+ 3 (PA) 1 (PA)+ 2 (PA) 2 (PD)+ 3 (PD ) 2 1 (PA) (PD) 2 1 (PD) (PA) 2 3 (PD)

Water continuum and water dimers ( cm -1 ) % error is required to explain this deviation from MTCKD What is the possible impact of the error in line parameters? From 100 to 300% error is required to explain deviation from MTCKD

Fitting of line parameters in 1600 and 3600 cm -1 bands cm cm -1 From 5 mm cell RAL measurement

Fitting of line parameters in bands Ptashnik, Smith, Shine, JMS-2005 Jenouvrier et al., JQSRT-2007 Ptashnik & Smith, subm. to JQSRT

Fitting of line parameters in bands Ptashnik, Smith, Shine, JMS-2005; Jenouvrier et al, JQSRT-2007; Barber RJ, Tennyson et al., Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc

Fitting of line parameters in bands Ptashnik, Smith, Shine, JMS-2005; Jenouvrier et al, JQSRT-2007; Barber RJ, Tennyson et al., Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc

Water continuum and dimer theories: First UCL result 3 (PD), 1 (PD) 3 (PA) 2 ( PA), 2 (PD) 1 (PD)+ 2 (PD) 2 (PA)+ 3 (PA) 1 (PA)+ 2 (PA) 2 (PD)+ 3 (PD ) 2 1 (PA) (PD) 2 1 (PD) (PA) 2 3 (PD) Kjaergaard, Garden et al., J. Phys. Chem, 2008: H-bond creates strong redistribution of the charge, and dipole moment of the transition (and hence its intensity) increases dramatically.

Water continuum and dimer theories: First UCL results WM WD

Continuum in the near-IR windows from the recent MSF RAL measurements Self-continuum in all near-IR windows exceeds MTCKD by order of magnitude!