Embryonic Development

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Ch28: Human Development Explain the stages of development starting with fertilization and ending with the neonatal period. Discuss the major events.
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Presentation transcript:

Embryonic Development Exercise 46 Embryonic Development

Developmental stages of humans Fertilization Zygote It is a fertilized egg Diploid (2n) Female pronuclei Male pronuclei Amphimixis

Developmental stages of humans Zona pellucida Surrounds the zygote Disappears when the blastocyst reaches the uterine cavity Corona radiata Granulosa cells surrounding the zona pellucicda Disappears after fertilization

Fertilization

Developmental stages of humans Cleavage Stages of the Cleavage Blastomere Early cleavage 4-cells stage… Morula 16-32 cells stage

Developmental stages of humans Blastocyst Central cavity appears – blastocystic cavity Inner cell mass (ICM) – forms the embryo Trophoblast – nourishes the developing embryo Final product of cleavage

Developmental stages of humans Implantation From day 7 to day 10 after the ovulation The blastocyst will go from a floating stage to a complete implanted stage in the uterus DISIDIUA BEISEILIS

Developmental stages of humans Gastrulation The ICM will develop into three primary germ layers Ectoderm Forms the epithelia and nervous system

Developmental stages of humans Mesoderm Forms everything between the ectoderm and the endoderm Endoderm Forms the mucosa of the digestive and respiratory tract, etc

Endometrium will form the deciduas Deciduas basalis-part of the endometrium beneath the ICM. It will form the maternal portion of the placenta Deciduas capsularis – it is the rest of the endometrium surrounding the blastocyst.

Developmental stages

Developmental stages of humans Embryo Until the 8th week Fetus From 8th week to birth Trophoblast Will develop villi Will differentiate into the chorion that will form the fetal portion of the placenta

Developmental stages of humans Placenta Chorionic villi + decidua basalis Embryonic membranes (from the ICM) Amnion Encases the embryo Amniotic cavity Amniotic fluid

Developmental stages

Developmental stages of humans Yolk sac Originates the embryo’s first blood cells Allantois Body stalk and later umbilical cord Umbilical cord attaches the embryo to the placenta

In uterus development Placenta Fetal side Shine and smooth Presence of large blood vessels Maternal side Spongy, torn-looking, rough

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