SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol Haris Ribic

Objectives History What is SNMP? Management Station Management Agent Management Information Base Network Management Protocol How does SNMP work? Architecture Bibliography

History Networks became vital and more complicated Cannot be managed by human effort alone Simple Gateway Monitoring Protocol (SGMP) Did not work with equipment from different vendors Internet Activities Board (IAB) - Network Management System Need for an automated management tool for TCP/IP network and Internet Standards required to allow multi-vendor networks View the entire network as a unified architecture Single operator interface Powerful, user friendly command set SNMP - RFC August 1988 » J. Case » M. Fedor » M. Schoffstall » J. Davin

What is SNMP? Network management software for networks operating TCP/IP model Application Layer TCP/IP - OSI Variety of Operating SystemsOperating Systems SNMP network management - 4 key elements Management Station Management Agent Management Information Base Network Management Protocol Simple Network Management Protocol version 1 (SNMPv1) - Protocol that enables a management station to configure, monitor network devices Simple Network Management Protocol version 2 (SNMPv2) - Update provides additional administrative structure, authentication, and privacy - SNMPv1 and SNMPv2 are incompatible Simple Network Management Protocol version 3 (SNMPv3) - Update provides additional security and administrative capabilities

Management Station Standalone device or part of a shared system Interface for human network manager Has management applications Interface to monitor and control network Platforms, such as hosts, bridges, routers, and hubs Equipped with agent software so they can be managed Responds to requests for information Responds to requests for action Asynchronously supply important but unsolicited information Management Agent

Management Information Base (MIB) Representation of network resources as objects Each object is a data variable that represents one aspect of managed agent Standardized across system Collection of objects is referred to as a MIB Collection of access points for the management station Management station Retrieves values of MIB objects to provide monitoring Sets MIB object values to change configuration Link between management station and agent TCP/IP uses SNMP SNMPv2 for OSI & TCP/IP Key capabilities get - management station retrieves value set - management station sets value notify - agent sends event notification Network Management Protocol

How does SNMP work? Network management software Controls devices connected to a network Manages performance, solves problems, optimizes network Firewall Community Devices store information about the community Command input limited to certain machines MIB contains communication information  Protocols  Device identifications

Application-level protocol of the TCP/IP model Operates on top of UDP Typical configuration: Standalone management station  Manager process controls access to a central MIB  Provides an interface to the network manager SNMP, UDP, IP and network dependent protocol (Ethernet, ATM)  Each agent must be implemented same way SNMP Architecture

Closer look: Management station issues 3 messages All 3 are acknowledged by the agent May issue a trap message - something undesirable happens Relies on UDP - connectionless protocol No ongoing connections are maintained Each exchange is a separate transaction SNMP Architecture

Bibliography Pictures: Stallings, William. Data and Computer Communications. 8th ed. New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall, Information: Stallings, William. Data and Computer Communications. 8th ed. New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall, "Cisco Documentation." cisco.com. 12 Oct Feb cisco.com "Simple Network Management Protocol." Wikipedia. 10 Jan Feb Wikipedia

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