Chapter 7-3 Naming Compounds

Naming Chemical Compounds Compounds are named for the atoms and bonds that compose it

Prefixes Mono= 1 Di=2 Tri=3 Tetra=4 Penta=5 Hexa=6 Hepta=7 Octa=8 Nona=9 Deca=10

Ionic Compounds Cation first Anion + ide Or the polyatomic anion Name these: FeCl 2 CuNO 3

Ionic Compounds Cation first Anion + ide Or the polyatomic anion Name these: FeCl 2 = Iron (II) chloride CuNO 3 = Copper (I) Nitrate

Ionic Compounds Careful with transition metals that can form ions with different charges Make sure your compound has a net charge of “0” neutral Use the crisscross method to determine the right formula

Name these: 1.) KNO 3 2.) NH 4 Br 3.) Ca(OH) 2 4.) CuSO 4 5.) Cu 2 O 6.) Al 2 S 3

Name these: 1.) KNO 3 Potassium Nitrate 2.) NH 4 BrAmmonium bromide 3.) Ca(OH) 2 Calcium hydroxide 4.) CuSO 4 Copper (II) Sulfate 5.) Cu 2 OCopper Oxide 6.) Al 2 S 3 Aluminum sulfide

Hydrates Hydrates: ionic substances that absorb water into their solid structure. Anhydrous Substances: Water free substance. Anhydrous copper (II) sulfate is white, but when it absorbs water it becomes blue

Hydrates When copper (II) sulfate fully absorbs water, it needs 5 molecules of water for each molecule of copper sulfate CuSO 4 · 5H 2 O Copper (II) Sulfate Pentahydrate The dot separates the water molecules from the rest of the compound

Molecular Compounds Use the same prefixes for the number of atoms Rules are similar to ionic compounds such as using the –ide ending for the second atom CCl 4 = Carbon tetrachloride

Molecular Compounds The more electronegative element usually goes last in both the written formula and the name Usually the prefix mono is not used when it applies to the first element We do not say monocarbon dioxide

Molecular Compounds Sometime we shorten the prefixes to make things easier to pronounce Carbon monoxide instead of carbon mono oxide

Molecular Compounds Some compounds have common names that are often used in place of their formal name O 2 = Oxygen 0 3 = Ozone H 2 O = Water NH 3 = ammonia

Acids An acid dissolves in water to release H+ ions They separate into cations and anions HCL dissolves to form H+ and Cl- ions

Acids Since H+ is always released, acids are named for the anion produced when dissolved Use the anion’s name changing the ending – ide to -ic Add the prefix hydro- HF is called __________ HI is called __________

Acids Since H+ is always released, acids are named for the anion produced when dissolved Use the anion’s name changing the ending –ide to -ic Add the prefix hydro- HF is called = Hydrofluoric Acid HI is called = Hydroiodic Acid

Acids Other acids are named without the prefix hydro- HNO 3 = Nitric Acid from the anion “Nitrate” More examples are on page 249

Questions Answer Questions 1-3 on page 249 Homework Vocabulary words page