Introduction to Medical Terminology Chapter 1

Systems:  Skeletal  Muscular  Cardiovascular  Lymphatic and Immune  Respiratory  Digestive  Urinary  Nervous  Special Senses: Eyes & Ears  Integumentary  Endocrine  Reproductive

Overview  Prefix: The word parts that usually indicate location, time, number, or status  Suffix: The word parts that usually indicate the procedure, condition, disorder, or disease  Spelling: Discover how one wrong letter can change the entire meaning of the word  Word Root: The foundation and meaning of most medical terms. Cannot stand alone (needs a prefix or suffix)

Word Roots Indicating Color  Cyan/o means blue- Cyanosis (sigh-ah-NOH-sis) lack of oxygen Osis means condition  Erthr/o- means red- Erythroctyes (eh-RITH-roh-sights) mature red blood cells Cytes means cells

Word Roots Indicating Color

Basic Medical Terms  A sign is evidence of a disease, such as a fever, that can be observed by the patient and by others. It is objective because it can be evaluated or measure by others.  A symptom, such as pain or a headache, can be observed only by the patient. It is subjective because it can be evaluated or measured only by the patient.  A syndrome is a set of the signs and symptoms that occur together as part of a specific disease process

Basic Medical Terms  Diagnosis is the identification of the disease.  Prognosis is a forecast or prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disorder.  Acute disease or symptom has a rapid onset, a severe course, and a reatively short duration.  Chronic disease or symptom of long duration. Although some diseases may be controlled, they are rarely controlled.

Ch 1 Terms  dys- bad, difficult, painful  hyper- excessive, increased  hypo- deficient, decreased  -itis inflammation  -algia pain, painful condition  -ectomy surgical removal, cutting out, excision  -otomy cutting, surgical incision  -rrhaphy to suture  -rrhexis rupture  -sclerosis abnormal hardening

Words  Dysplasia> pain in the stomach  Hyperplasia> abnormal increase in normal cells  Hypoplasia> incomplete development of an organ or tissue  Gastritis> inflammation of the stomach  Gastralgia> pain in the stomach  Tonsillectomy> surgical removal of the tonsils  Myorraphy> to suture a muscle wound  Myorrehexis> rupture of a muscle  Arteriosclerosis> abnormal hardening of arteries