Introduction to the Male Structures Diagram 18.2 page 470 Path of Sperm Problems of Male Reproductive System Care for the Reproductive System Concept Mapping Activity Quiz next class
DO NOW: Define Reproductive System List as many Reproductive Structures in the male body as you can
Major Functions: ◦ Production of sperm ◦ Storage of sperm (male reproductive cell) Time of puberty pituitary gland releases hormone that stimulates production of testosterone (responsible for physical changes) Fertilization – the joining of male sperm and female egg
Scrotum- an external skin sac that holds the testes Testes- (singular Testis) also called testicles ◦ two small glands that produce sperm ◦ Produce hormone testosterone ***Sperm cannot live above normal body temp; Skin of scrotum keeps the testes slightly below body temp; muscles in the scrotum relax or contract to control temp***
Penis – external organ used for intercourse; contains three cylinders which become filled with blood to increase in size and fullness Glans – smooth sensitive end of the penis Foreskin –fold of skin covering the head of penis
The singular word for testes is “testis”, from Latin meaning to witness. During ancient times, a person providing testimony would validate it by holding his testes or another mans!!
Seminal Vesicle – ◦ seminal fluid originates in seminal vesicle; ◦ Provides nutrients and energy to the sperm as it travels through the vagina Vas Deferens – ◦ (ductus deference) move sperm; ◦ connect the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct Prostate Gland – ◦ Size of walnut; is below the bladder ◦ Release nourishing fluid for sperm travel during ejaculation
Cowper's Gland – ◦ Two tiny glands; located below prostate, neutralize semen ◦ Releases pre-ejaculatory fluid ◦ Fluid cleanses urethra to protect sperm from acid Epididymis- ◦ Tightly coiled tube connecting to vas deference ◦ Stores mature sperm Urethra – ◦ Passage way for semen and urine to leave the body Urinary bladder – ◦ Storage of urine until excretion
1. Produced in testes 2. Stored in Epididymis 3. Released into the Vas Deferens 4.Passes seminal vesicle 5. Passes prostate gland 6. Now Urethra – passes Cowper’s gland 7. travels down the penis and out of the body
Head – Contains genetic material Acrosomal Sac- above head; contains digestive enzyme so can penetrate ovum Neck contains mitochondria; energy for sperm to swim Tail – side to side movement to propel sperm through the vagina into the uterus
Sperm fun facts 1. Males remain fertile and produce sperm throughout their life – 400 million sperm in each ejaculation 3. Sperm swim 30 inches per hour 4. Sperm make up 5% of what males ejaculate 5. Sperm can live up to 5 days in fertile cervical fluid
Get regular check-ups ◦ Go to doctor every 12 – 18 months Bathe regularly Wear protective equipment ◦ use protective cup or supporter during physical activities Perform regular self-examinations ◦ Check for any changes Practice safe sexual activity or abstinence ◦ Use protection or abstain from intercourse
Chlamydia/gonorrhea ◦ Bacterial infections cause burning during urination. Syphilis ◦ Bacterial infection; initially painless, then red sores appear Genital Herpes ◦ Virus; blister like sores in genital area
Inguinal Hernia ◦ Separation of tissues allows intestine to push into abdomen near top of scrotum ◦ Symptoms : lump in groin near thigh, pain in groin; severe case partial or complete intestinal blockage
Sterility – Inability to reproduce; results from too few sperm less than 20 million per milliliter of seminal fluid Results from environmental hazards ◦ Exposure to X rays ◦ Radiation ◦ Toxic chemicals ◦ Lead ◦ Anabolic steroids ◦ Drugs ◦ Hormonal imbalance ◦ STD’s