B USINESS C OMPUTER A PPLICATION Eyad M. AlMassri BGMS4101 Introduction 1 Business Computer Application

O PERATING SYSTEMS C HAPTER 5 2 Business Computer Application

W HAT I S A N O PERATING S YSTEM ?  An operating system is a program designed to run other programs on a computer. A computer’s operating system is its most important program.computer  It is considered the backbone of a computer, managing both software and hardware resources.  Operating systems are responsible for everything from the control and allocation of memory to recognizing input from external devices and transmitting output to computer displays.  They also manage files on computer hard drives and control peripherals, like printers and scanners. 3 Business Computer Application

T YPE O F O PERATING S YSTEMS Within the broad family of operating systems, there are generally four types, categorized based on the types of computers they control and the sort of applications they support. The categories are:  Real-time operating system (RTOS):  Single-user, single task:  Single-user, multi-tasking:  Multi-user:  Time Sharing operating System: 4 Business Computer Application

R EAL - TIME OPERATING SYSTEM (RTOS)  Real-time operating systems are used to control machinery, scientific instruments and industrial systems.  An RTOS typically has very little user-interface capability, and no end-user utilities, since the system will be a "sealed box" when delivered for use.  A very important part of an RTOS is managing the resources of the computer so that a particular operation executes in precisely the same amount of time, every time it occurs.  In a complex machine, having a part move more quickly just because system resources are available may be just as catastrophic as having it not move at all because the system is busy 5 Business Computer Application

S INGLE - USER, SINGLE TASK  As the name implies, this operating system is designed to manage the computer so that one user can effectively do one thing at a time.  The Palm OS for Palm handheld computers is a good example of a modern single-user, single-task operating system. 6 Business Computer Application

S INGLE - USER, MULTI - TASKING  This is the type of operating system most people use on their desktop and laptop computers today.  Microsoft's Windows and Apple's MacOS platforms are both examples of operating systems that will let a single user have several programs in operation at the same time.  For example, it's entirely possible for a Windows user to be writing a note in a word processor while downloading a file from the Internet while printing the text of an message 7 Business Computer Application

M ULTI - USER A multi-user operating system allows many different users to take advantage of the computer's resources simultaneously. 8 Business Computer Application

F EATURES O F O PERATING S YSTEM Input/output operation: responsible for handling various type of inputs and various types of outputs in the appropriate manner. Handling File System : this task involves the making of decisions regarding the storage of file. Execution Of Program : responsible for executing various programs whether user programs or system. Allocating Of Resources: this task aims at proper use of resource visible. Detection Of Errors: the operation system is also responsible for detecting any type of error the occurs. Information and Resource Protection: ensuring that the information and resource available on machine and used in the current way. 9 Business Computer Application

G RAPHICS U SER I NTERFACE (GUI) A graphical user interface ( GUI ) is a type of user interface which allows people to interact with programs in more ways than typing such as computers. user interfaceinteract with programs in more ways than typing 10 Business Computer Application

C OMMAND L INE I NTERFACE (CLI) A command-line interface (CLI) is a mechanism for interacting with a computer operating system or software by typing commands to perform specific tasks. operating systemsoftware 11 Business Computer Application