© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only  Cooling system problems  Water pump service  Thermostat service  Cooling system hose service  Radiator service  Fan belt service  Engine fan service  Coolant service  Flushing a cooling system

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Inspecting Cooling System  Perform a visual inspection for:  coolant leaks  loose or missing fan belts  low coolant level  abnormal water pump noises  plugged radiator fins  coolant in the oil (oil looks milky)  combustion leakage into the coolant

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Common Problems

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only  Coolant leaks  Overheating  Overcooling

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Coolant Leaks  External leaks  most common  show up as wet, discolored areas on parts  Internal leaks  caused by cracked block, cracked head, or blown head gasket

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Cooling System Problems A blown head gasket can allow combustion gases to enter the coolant

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only A cracked part or blown gasket can allow coolant to leak into the engine oil Cooling System Problems

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Causes of Overheating  Low coolant level  Rust or scale accumulation in water jacket  Stuck thermostat  Retarded ignition  Loose fan belt  Bad water pump or collapsed lower hose  Missing fan shroud or fan problems

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Causes of Overcooling  Stuck thermostat (open)  Locked fan clutch  Shorted fan switch

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only  A bad pump may leak, fail to circulate coolant, or produce a grinding sound  Causes:  rust in the cooling system  lack of coolant  overtightened belts

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Visual Inspection The pump shaft should not wiggle or leak

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Visual Inspection Watch for leakage from the bleed holes

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only  A stuck thermostat can cause engine overheating or overcooling  Stuck open–overcooling  loss of efficiency, power, mileage  high emissions  Stuck closed–overheating  engine damage

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Thermostat Testing  Watch the coolant through the opening in the radiator neck  In a cold engine, the coolant should not flow  In a hot engine, the coolant should begin to circulate past the opening  Use a digital thermometer to monitor the temperature of the thermostat housing

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Thermostat Replacement

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Hoses deteriorate and become soft and mushy or hard and brittle

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Hose Replacement A. Loosen the clamps; remove the hose B. Clean the fitting and install the new hose and clamps C. Check for leaks

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Radiator Removal  Place a catch pan under the cool radiator  Open the petcock to drain the system  Disconnect the hoses and oil cooler lines  Disconnect the wires going to sensors and fan motors  Remove any brackets and the radiator

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Radiator Repair  Most repairs are done by a radiator shop  Radiator shops disassemble, clean, repair, reassemble, and test radiators  When installing a radiator, make sure the rubber mounts are in place

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only  A loose fan belt will slip and squeal  may cause overheating  Inspect the condition and tension  Use a belt tension gauge to adjust belts

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only  A faulty fan can cause overheating, overcooling, vibration, and water pump damage  Check for bent blades, cracks, or fluid leakage

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Coolant should be checked and changed at regular intervals  Breaks down and becomes acidic  The rust preventative properties are lost How to change radiator fluid; video examplevideo How to change radiator fluid; video examplevideo

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Changing Coolant Depending on the type of coolant, it should be replaced every 2 years

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Checking Coolant Level The coolant should be even with the correct marking on the reservoir. Video Example Video Example

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Checking Coolant Level The coolant should be 1" below the top of the tank

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Testing Coolant Strength  Should be at least 50/50 ratio Antifreeze to water.  Determines freeze-up protection  To test, use the correct tool:  Ethylene Glycol (Green Colour), use cooling system hydrometer  Propolyne Glycol (Orange Colour), use a refractometer

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Hydrometer The number of balls floating indicates freeze protection

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Refractometer How to test antifreeze - VideoVideo

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Cleans rust and scale from the system – California Video Example, prestone video example.– California Video prestone video example

© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only The End