Group 8: Video Game Console Team Members: Rich Capone Hong Jin Cho Dave Elliott Ryan Gates

Purpose: To create a simple video game system. Functionality: A “black box” with a controller input, CompactFlash card interface, NTSC video and single speaker sound output. Project Overview

Project Success Criteria: Ability to boot and initialize peripheral devices Ability to read data from CompactFlash Ability to output NTSC video Ability to interpret handheld controller signal Ability to generate sound to a system speaker

Component Selection Ram – CY7C109B Fast Access (12 ns) Fast Access (12 ns) 2 x 128KB 2 x 128KB Address Latches 74AHCT573 8-bit Address Latch for Memory 8-bit Address Latch for Memory Very Fast Address Latch (3.5ns) Very Fast Address Latch (3.5ns)

Component Selection Motorola HCS12 Fast general I/O pins Fast general I/O pins Large number of I/O pins Large number of I/O pins Multiplexed data/address bus Multiplexed data/address bus 25 Mhz 25 Mhz Development interface (CodeWarrior) Development interface (CodeWarrior) Via BDM and RS-232 Simple RAM interface Simple RAM interface Timings adjusted via registers

Component Selection Xilinx XC95108 Required number of pins (84pin PLCC) Required number of pins (84pin PLCC) In-circuit programmable In-circuit programmable Development board available Development board available Capable of 4x NTSC frequency Capable of 4x NTSC frequency Preferred part from reference design Preferred part from reference design

Component Selection Voltage Regulator Major ICs Qty Part # Continuous Current Req Peak Current Req 3CY7C10950mA 1MC9S12A25665mA 274VHC373/SO75mA 1XC95108< mA 1MAX mA 1AD mA 1TC1034ECT4mA Continuous IC Current Req. ~317mA Peak IC Current Req. ~ mA Peak will add ~10% for Capacitor charging. Supply should be larger than necessary to prevent overdriving, and for expansibility (additional handheld controllers, network connectivity, etc) Minimum regulator = 750mA Maximum regulator = 1.5A

Component Selection Voltage Regulator Solutions: MAX 744A- 1A load current LM A load current LM1572 is the current design choice however, if less current is required, the MAX744A can be used to increase efficiency.

Parts Necessary for Packaging CompactFlashRCA jack SPDT Power/ SPST Reset switch Wall wartNintendo NES Controller

AutoCAD design of Game System – 3D Front

AutoCAD design of Game System – 3D Back

CompactFlash Adaptor

AutoCAD design of Game System - Front

2 port RCA Jack

AutoCAD design of Game System -Back

AutoCAD design of Game System - Left

Schematic Overview

Schematic – Power Supply The Power Supply is a basic switching regulator. Two reference designs are under consideration, a final choice will be based upon a final circuit mock-up to determine actual current draw. Two reference designs are under consideration, a final choice will be based upon a final circuit mock-up to determine actual current draw. The circuit board will utilize a unique jumper based voltage isolation scheme. The board will have the ability to turn on/off +5V to both the video circuit, and the main microcontroller circuit to aid in debugging as well as isolate chips to simplify programming. Noise introduction will be minimal compared to utility in debugging. The circuit board will utilize a unique jumper based voltage isolation scheme. The board will have the ability to turn on/off +5V to both the video circuit, and the main microcontroller circuit to aid in debugging as well as isolate chips to simplify programming. Noise introduction will be minimal compared to utility in debugging.

Schematic – Motorola Available Ports (all ports are 8bit): Port A – Address [15:8] Data Bus [0:7] (multiplexed) Port A – Address [15:8] Data Bus [0:7] (multiplexed) Port B – Address [0:7] (multiplexed) Port B – Address [0:7] (multiplexed) Port K-- Extended Addressing Port K-- Extended Addressing Port W – Main RAM Control Signals Port W – Main RAM Control Signals Port H – Video Ram Control Signals Port H – Video Ram Control Signals Port J – CF Address bus Port J – CF Address bus Port M– CF Data bus Port M– CF Data bus Port T– CF Control signals – Controller Data Port T– CF Control signals – Controller Data Port P (PWMs) – Audio[0] – Handheld controller[1:2] Port P (PWMs) – Audio[0] – Handheld controller[1:2] Port S – RS-232 (Serial Comms) Port S – RS-232 (Serial Comms) Port A/D -- A/D Converters (not used) Port A/D -- A/D Converters (not used)

Schematic – Motorola Programming accomplished via the BDM interface (Background Debug Mode). Pin BKGD Pin BKGD Processor Core voltage generated by on- chip step-down voltage regulator. 5V-3.3V

Schematic – Motorola Crystal Capacitors for the crystal Typical input capacitance : 9 nF Typical input capacitance : 9 nF Citizen 16 Mhz crystal has 18 nF capacitance. Citizen 16 Mhz crystal has 18 nF capacitance. Input capacitance: 31.9 nF Input capacitance: 31.9 nF Phase Locked Loop Filter R < 4606 ohm R < 4606 ohm Cs > 5.9 nF Cs > 5.9 nF Cs/20 <= Cp <= Cs/10 Cs/20 <= Cp <= Cs/10 Cs = 22 nF, Cp = 2.2 nF, Rs = 1Kohm Cs = 22 nF, Cp = 2.2 nF, Rs = 1Kohm Meets the spec! Meets the spec!

Schematic – Data/Address Bus

Schematic – Video System Xilinx CPLD updates Video RAM, drives the NTSC encoder and interfaces to memory Resistor matrix creates analog RGB signals Video RAM stores the screen image (4 bits per pixel) AD724 converts analog RGB signals into NTSC video

Memory mode – Byte by Byte access 8bit data, 3bit address pins Over current protection 220uF bulk capacitor 220uF bulk capacitorOperation Address register setup Command register setup Buffer filled with a sector data Strobing CFOE low accesses next byte from the buffer. Address register setup Command register setup Buffer filled with a sector data Strobing CFOE low accesses next byte from the buffer. Writing is similar, except using CFWE instead of CFOE. Writing is similar, except using CFWE instead of CFOE. Schematic - CompactFlash

Schematic -- RS-232 The HCS12 has a built-in RS-232 port. That will be connected to a MAX232 line driver for isolation. This port will mainly be used for debugging and interfacing to Motorola’s CodeWarrior suite.

Digital Audio The audio circuit is a PWM driven follower circuit. 1 channel means simplistic audio where the audible frequency (tone) is adjusted by the PWM duty cycle. Audio is not a critical goal of the design, so simple beeps [and boops] will suffice.

Questions??