GIS in Water Resources December 1 st, 2011 On the topology of Wax Lake Delta Matthew Hiatt.

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Presentation transcript:

GIS in Water Resources December 1 st, 2011 On the topology of Wax Lake Delta Matthew Hiatt

GIS in Water Resources December 1 st, 2011 Outline Why do we care? Wax Lake Delta Why statistics? Directed Network Analysis Results Conclusion

GIS in Water Resources December 1 st, 2011 Why are river deltas important? River deltas are home to over half a billion people [Syvitsky, 2009] Ecological and societal centers [Foufoula- Georgiou et al., 2011] Dynamic systems for sustainability research Flood control Restoration practices Food sources Image: Ricemap.org

GIS in Water Resources December 1 st, 2011 Wax Lake Delta Study site located in coastal Louisiana just south of Morgan City and 200 km west of the Mississippi birdsfoot.

GIS in Water Resources December 1 st, 2011 Why? The development of metrics may lead to a predictive understanding of delta behavior

GIS in Water Resources December 1 st, 2011 Network Analysis using a directed graph [Smart & Moruzzi, 1972] A network tree is created from links and nodes Nodes are assigned a “type” (O = outlet, F = fork, J = join) Links receive names corresponding to upstream and downstream nodes Statistical Analysis… α = 0.32 < 0.5 Bifurcating network

GIS in Water Resources December 1 st, 2011 Results – Some distributions Link Length DistributionIsland Size Distribution Short ChannelsSmall Islands

GIS in Water Resources December 1 st, 2011 Width Function

GIS in Water Resources December 1 st, 2011 Results – Width Function Width function measures the amount of water Analyzed for topologic and geometric networks Geometric width increases as a function of radial distance

GIS in Water Resources December 1 st, 2011 Conclusions Wax Lake Delta is a bifurcating system Near-edge distance may predict inland lake locations Short links and small islands Network increases in width with increasing radial distance

GIS in Water Resources December 1 st, 2011 References Paola Passalcqua, David Mohrig, John Shaw Edmonds, D. A., C. Paola, D. C.J.D. Hoyal, and B. A. Sheets (2011), Quantitative metrics that describe river deltas and their channel networks, J. Geophys. Res., doi: /2010JF001955, in press Edmonds, D. A., and R.L. Slingerland (2007), Mechanics of river mouth bar formation: Implications for the morphodynamics of delta distributary networks, J. Geophys. Res., 112, F Falcini, F., and D. J. Jerolmack (2010), A potential vorticity theory for the formation of elongate channels in river deltas and lakes, J. Geophys. Res., 115, F04038, doi: /2010JF Foufoula-Georgiou, E., J. Syvitski, C. Paola, C. T. Hoanh, P. Tuong, C. Vörösmarty, H. Kremer, E. Brondizio, Y. Saito, and R. Twilley (2011), International Year of Deltas 2013: A proposal, Eos Trans. AGU, 92(40), 340, doi: /2011EO Feola, A (2006). Hydrological and Geomorphological Studies in Transition Environments. PhD Thesis, Università degli Studi di Padova. Morisawa, M (Ed.) (1985). Topologic Properties of delta distributary networks, , St Leonards, NSW, Australia NCED (National Center for Earth Surface Dynamics, Wax Lake Delta, University of Minnesota, Accessed Oct 15, Syvitski, James P M. (2005). The morphodynamics of deltas and their distributary channels. River Coastal and Estuarine Morphodynamics Proceedings of the 4th IAHR Symposium on River Coastal and Estuarine Morphodynamics RCEM 2005 Urbana Illinois USA 47 October 2005 RCEM 2005, 143. Smart, J. S. and Moruzzi, V. L., (1972), Quantitative properties of delta channel networks. Zeit. Geomorph. 16(3), Wright, L.D. (1977), Sediment transport and deposition at river mouths: A synthesis, Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 88, p

GIS in Water Resources December 1 st, is the YEAR OF THE DELTA! Image: Google Earth, from user metamorphoman