Chapter 17 – Evolution of Populations

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 17 – Evolution of Populations 17.4 Molecular Evolution

Warm Up (solo) What types of reproductive isolation may have been important in Galapagos finch species? Explain. Explain how a finch that feeds only on insects might have evolved.

Developmental Genes & Body Plans Key Question: How may HOX genes be involved in evolutionary change?

What are Hox genes? Hox genes determine which parts of an embryo develop arms, legs, or wings. Also control the size/shape of these structures Hox genes are homologous— They shape the bodies of almost all animals (common ancestry)

Hox Genes & Evolution Small changes in HOX gene activity during embryological development can produce large changes in adult animals Insects & Crustaceans are related to ancient common ancestors that had dozens of legs. Insects have 3 pairs of leg? What happened to all the extra legs? Mutation in a single Hox gene, Ubx, turned off the growth of some legs. A change in ONE hox gene  major evolutionary difference!

Timing is Everything! Each part of an embryo starts to grow at a certain time, grows for a specific time, and stops growing at a specific time. Small changes in starting/stopping times can make a big difference in organisms! Small timing changes can make the difference between long, thin fingers and short, stubby toes!