Chapter 11 Exercise Physiology Jeffry Mathis & Minerva Duke 10/16/2015 chapter 7 1

Students Learning Outcomes Discover the key features of the sub discipline of exercise physiology and the employment opportunities available to exercise science professionals. Review the history and development of exercise physiology 10/16/2015 chapter 7 2

Learning Outcomes Examine how the body responds to physical activity and how these changes relate to physical performance and health. 10/16/2015 chapter 7 3

Job Opportunities Settings: –Fitness/Wellness center –Hospital –Corporation –Academic –Research laboratory

Job Opportunities Jobs: –Exercise instructor –Personal trainer –Strength and conditioning coach –Teacher –Cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation –Clinical Exercise physiologist –Military and NASA research

History August Krohg – U. of Copenhagen (1920) A.V. Hill – University College, London (1921)

History Peter Karpovich – Springfield College

The Nitty-Gritty Muscle Fiber Types

Energy Adenosine triphosphate

Energy Systems Important note: It is not ever a matter of which system is working, but which system is predominating.

Energy Systems ATP-pc System –10-15 seconds –ADP-P -> ADP+Phosphocreatine Anaerobic Glycolytic System –Glycogen -> Glucose -> ATP –1-2 minutes –Lactic Acid “waste” (more about this later) Aerobic System –Glycogen and triglyceride breakdown –Prolonged energy system

Energy Systems Aerobic System e0nftM e0nftM

So … Lactic Acid Baaaaaaaaaaaaad. Don’t be a sheep!

Lactic Acid The old thinking:

Why Do We Resistance Train? What are the goals of people who train with weights? 10/16/2015 chapter 7 15

Cardiovascular System hyfcoM&feature=related hyfcoM&feature=related

Cardiorespiratory Physiology

BENEFITS

Continue the Benefits

Tests to Estimate VO2 max 1.5 –Mile Run Test - 12 Minute Swim 1.0 Mile Walk Test - 12 Minute Cooper Step Test

Why Do We Resistance Train? What are the goals of people who train with weights?

Muscular Strength What is it? Why do we need it? 10/16/2015 chapter 7 23

Muscular Endurance What is it? Why do we need it? 10/16/2015 chapter 7 24

Training and Metabolism What is Hypertrophy? Atrophy? Tom Venuto (2006) 10/16/2015 chapter 7 25

Training and Metabolism Anabolism Catabolism com/watch?v=iIW5S PY-vwIhttp:// com/watch?v=iIW5S PY-vwI Ronnie Coleman (2005) 10/16/2015 chapter 7 26

Training and Metabolism Muscle uses energy even at rest. –How much? 10/16/2015 chapter 7 27

Muscular Strength may be the most important health-related component of physical fitness in the Older Adult Why? 10/16/2015 chapter 7 28

Muscular Strength may be the most important health-related component of physical fitness in the older adult 10/16/2015 chapter 7 29

Muscular Strength may be the most important health-related component of physical fitness in the older adult Muscle atrophy does result from aging 10/16/2015 chapter 7 30

Muscular Strength may be the most important health-related component of physical fitness in the older adult Framingham Study (Jett, A.M. & Branch, L.G., 1981) –Women 40% Aged % Aged % Aged –Can’t do what? 10/16/2015 chapter 7 31

What Factors Affect Muscular Adaptation? Overload Principle related related Specificity of Training 10/16/2015 chapter 7 32

Specificity of Training Adaptations are specific How we train is how we perform Range of Motion (ROM) 10/16/2015 chapter 7 33

How are strength gains achieved? Neural adaptation Hypertrophy 10/16/2015 chapter 7 34

How are strength gains achieved? Neural adaptation 10/16/2015 chapter 7 35

How are strength gains achieved? Muscle size 10/16/2015 chapter 7 36

Principles of strength training Isometric Training Isotonic Training Dynamic

Principles of strength training 10/16/2015 chapter 7 38

Isokinetic – Variable Resistance Machines Westside Barbell –Louis Simmons 10/16/2015 chapter 7 39

Isokinetic – Variable Resistance q-A5hc&feature=related q-A5hc&feature=related 10/16/2015 chapter 7 40

Nutrition “Carb loading” –Greater than 2 hours –Less than 1 hour

Nutrition

Fat Burning Zone

Dr. Victor Convertino SJSU! GO Spartans!

Metabolism The chemical processes occurring within a living cell or organism that are necessary for the maintenance of life. – 44&playnext=1&list=PLF5E5EC931C112C1 C&feature=results_videohttp:// 44&playnext=1&list=PLF5E5EC931C112C1 C&feature=results_video

Slow Metabolism/Genetics