LECTURE GEOG 270 Fall 2007 November 19, 2007 Joe Hannah, PhD Department of Geography University of Washington.

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Presentation transcript:

LECTURE GEOG 270 Fall 2007 November 19, 2007 Joe Hannah, PhD Department of Geography University of Washington

Debating GMOs in the Third World “Naming and Framing”

To Do Today ► Recap last time: Kacy McKinney’s talk ► Two GMO technologies ► “Naming and Framing” in the GMO debate

Kacy McKinney’s talk: MST, Land and GMOs in Brazil ► Interesting case of stakeholder response ► “Landless Peasants” “Land should be used to fulfill its larger social functions.”

GMOs: A threat? A rallying point? ► Against legalization of GMOs (successful until 2004) ► Lobby, demonstrate, raise awareness ► Exposed illegal plantings ► GMOs promoted by MNCs: “Privatization of development?” ► Roles of state, corporations, social movements: Peaceful? Violent?

Two Technologies ► “Roundup ready” crops ► “Bt” crops

One GMO Technology: “Roundup Ready”

Another Technology: Another Technology: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)

“Naming and Framing” in the GMO Debate ► Food Security / Feeding the World ► Increased yields – fact or fiction? ► Environmental risk ► Capitalism & Farm Incomes McGloughlin vs. Altieri & Rossett

Will GMO crops help feed the world’s exploding population? ► Population swelling ► Hunger has complex roots; more food will help ► Not increasing productivity will lead to famine ► Integrated agr is inefficient and will lead to under- production ► GMOs are humanitarian- driven ► Hunger problem not due to too little food or to large population ► More productivity is a distraction from massive social/political problems ► Integrated agr will give household food secruity ► GMOs are profit driven Altieri & RossettMcGloughlin

Do GMOs give higher yield? ► Yes! (cites studies) ► (But much of the argument is centered around economics of GMOs for farm profits) ► No! No real difference in yields in most cases (cites a study) Altieri & RossettMcGloughlin

Environmental risks ► Reduced use of agricultural chemicals ► Increased biodiversity ► Risks of eating GMOS “alarmist” ► Increased use of chemicals ► Decreased biodiversity ► Risks of eating GMOs understudied, “unpredictable” Altieri & RossettMcGloughlin

Capitalism and Farm Income ► Conventional systems use more chemicals, cost more ► GMOs reduce costs, increase yields ► Why such high rates of adoption? ► GMOs tie farmer into neoliberal world economy ► Self-sufficiency, seed sharing ► Need to build agric. that nurtures community McGloughlinAltieri & Rossett Political Agendas???