In p 11 1.What does it mean if a metal is malleable? 2.What information does the atomic number give us about an atom? 3.What is the largest group of elements on the periodic table?

Tues 9/8 p 1&4 Wed 9/9 p 3&6 Materials Alternate assignment is due today!! If you have any NEW materials, show them to me for ½ pts. If your parents attend Back to School night you will receive extra credit! INB Quiz #1 today! That’s Me!

Quiz #1 1.What is the name of #5 on pg. 2? 2.What is taped on p3? 3.What branch of earth science is the study of the earth’s atmosphere and weather? p4 4.In which branch of earth science would you study rocks and minerals? p4 5.What is the answer to the IN #3 on p6? 6.What is #1 under the OUT p6? 7.What is the answer to #2 on p8? 8.What is the name of the Father of the Periodic table? p9 9.What type of element is Hydrogen based on it’s physical properties? p10 10.What page is the Fab Five taped on?

Chemical Bonding handout -Glue to TOP of p12 Thru 1-pg 12 As we go through the presentation, highlight areas of importance and write in added information

Atomic Models Atom models –Rutherford model mostly empty space with nucleus at the center & electrons orbiting –Bohr model electrons moving in set paths that determine their energy levels –electrons change energy levels when they gain or lose energy –Schrodinger model known as electron cloud model electron position and speed & direction are described in terms of probability

ATOMIC STRUCTURE Parts of an atom –Proton positive charge located in the nucleus mass –1.67 x kg = 1 atomic mass unit (amu.) –Neutron no charge located in the nucleus mass –1.67 x kg = 1 amu –Electron negative charge located outside the nucleus mass 9.11 x kg = 0 amu

Octet Rule All atoms want to have 8 valence electrons in their outer shell. They can obtain this octet by taking or giving electrons to other atoms or by sharing electrons. This creates bonds between atoms. Noble gases are the exception – They already have an octet so they are very stable and don’t react to other atoms

Neutral atoms Atoms may be neutral (no charge) +protons = -electrons.

Element or Compound? If a substance is made of ONLY ONE element it is an ELEMENT If a substance is made up of MORE than one kind of element, it is a COMPOUND Complete the problems on the page.

Ions Atoms can be ions (atoms with an overall + or – charge) –An ion has gained or lost an electron. –Gaining an electron gives the atom an overall negative charge. –Losing an electron gives the atom an overall positive charge. Positive ions (cations) – an atom has LESS electrons than protons Negative ions (anions) – an atom has MORE electrons than protons

Types of Chemical bonds Covalent bonds – –Nonpolar –Polar Ionic bonds – –Between a METAL and NONMETAL Metallic bonds – –Electrons shared between two METALS

COVALENT BOND bond formed by the sharing of electrons

Covalent Bond Between nonmetallic elements (located on the upper right side of the periodic table). Formed by sharing electron pairs Stable non-ionizing particles, they are not conductors at any state Examples; O 2, CO 2, C 2 H 6, H 2 O, SiC

IONIC BOND bond formed between two ions by the transfer of electrons

Ionic Bonding Anions and cations are held together by opposite charges (+ and -) Made from a CATION with an ANION (or literally from a metal combining with a nonmetal) Ionic compounds are called salts. The bond is formed through the transfer of electrons (lose and gain) Electrons are transferred to achieve noble gas configuration.

Ionic Bonding NaCl The metal (sodium) tends to lose its one electron from the outer level. The nonmetal (chlorine) needs to gain one more to fill its outer level, and will accept the one electron that sodium is going to lose.

Thru p13 Atom Practice sheet Complete the assignment and tape to page Anything not completed in class is HOMEWORK!

Out p 11 What is the atomic # of this atom? What is the atomic mass of this atom? Is it neutral or an ion?