The United Nations Regional Centre for Peace, Disarmament and Development in Latin America and the Caribbean Ensuring proper integration of small arms control and nonproliferation measures into efforts to combat Transnational Organized Crime OAS Meeting of National Authorities on Transnational Orgnanized Crime Washington, D.C. 24/25 April 2014 Brussels, May 2012

75% of homicides in LAC region w/firearms Involves Organized Crime, gangs and common crime Transnational illicit trafficking o Falsified shipping and end-user documents o Hidden in commercial cargo containers and transport o Ant trade across borders Internal domestic illicit ‘trafficking’ o Theft and diversion from state and private arsenals o Straw purchases (*ammunition) Background

UN Programme of Action on Small Arms (2001) o Preamble – link to CTOC and Firearms Protocol o Article III.15 – assistance linked to TOC frameworks International Tracing Instrument (2005) o Preamble – link to CTOC and Firearms Protocol o Article III.8.b – marking of imported weapons Arms Trade Treaty (2013) o Preamble – link to CTOC and Firearms Protocol o Includes ammunition, parts and components o Article 7.1.iv – Export Assessment (organized crime) o Articles – Transshipment, Brokering and Diversion UNSC Resolution 1540* Synergies between international arms control and disarmament instruments and TOC frameworks

Reduce supply of weapons and ammunition available to illicit actors & increase cost of armed violence Small arms control and nonproliferation toolkit of national measures that support efforts to combat TOC

Stockpile Management  Objective Reduce TOC access to state stockpiles of weapons and ammunition  How? ISACS and IATG Record-keeping Marking and tracing Enforcing safety and security measures  UNLIREC assistance to date Argentina (w/MinSeg and 4 Federal forces) Dominican Republic (Armed Forces) Guatemala (judicial holdings) CARICOM States (all 13 Member States) Peru (Ministry of Interior)

Weapons Destruction  Objectives Avoid re-entry of weapons into illicit channels Permanently reduce number of weapons in illicit circulation  How? ISACS and IATG (SOPs) Providing technical equipment Supporting and monitoring destructions  UNLIREC assistance to date > 250 officials trained (SOPs, ISACS, IATG) 60,000 weapons and 70 tonnes of ammunition destroyed since 2010 in Argentina, Ecuador, Peru, Dominican Republic and 13 CARICOM Member Stats

Legal and Policy Frameworks  Objectives Ensure robust legal frameworks and public policies to combat illicit weapons and ammunition trafficking  How? Review of bills of law (dictums) Specialized training for judges, prosecutors and other legal practitioners  UNLIREC assistance to date Targeted legal advice to Barbados, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Jamaica, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela > 20 national and regional seminars and Support to national small arms control commissions in Guatemala, Ecuador and Peru

Security Sector Capacity-building  Objective Ensure security and justice sectors have tools, knowledge and capacities to intercept, control and trace illicit weapons within TOC frameworks  How? Specialized trainings for security and justice sector personnel - investigative techniques (IITC) - forensic ballistics - evidence management - marking & tracing - border surveillance and interventions maritime security contexts  Achievements to date < 1,800 officers trained since 2009 (25% women) in 15 countries < Colombia/Ecuador border training integration with UNODC container search in T&T