Predicting Products of Chemical Reactions

Synthesis Reactions Example: Sn + Cl 2  _ In a synthesis reaction, metals and non metals will form an ionic bond – combining into a new ionic compound. Remember to look at the charges on the cation (metal w/ a positive charge) and anion (non-metal w/ a negative charge) to determine the formula of the product. SnCl 4

Decomposition Reactions Decomposition reactions involve the breakdown of one compound, into two or more compounds. Many compounds decompose in predictable patterns: Carbonates (containing CO 3 2– ion) produce carbon dioxide and oxide compounds. Sulfates (SO 4 2– ) produce sulfur trioxide and oxide compounds. Hydroxides (OH – ) produce water and oxide compounds. Chlorates (ClO 3 – ) produce oxygen gas and chloride compounds. Hydrates (H 2 O) break up into water and anhydrous compounds. Binary compounds (just two elements) break down into their elements.

Decomposition Reactions 1. _____NH 3  3. _____H 2 SO 4  8. ____Mg(ClO 3 ) 2  Carbonates (containing CO 3 2– ion) produce carbon dioxide and oxide compounds. Sulfates (SO 4 2– ) produce sulfur trioxide and oxide compounds. Hydroxides (OH – ) produce water and oxide compounds. Chlorates (ClO 3 – ) produce oxygen gas and chloride compounds. Hydrates (H 2 O) break up into water and anhydrous compounds. Binary compounds (just two elements) break down into their elements. ____N 2 + _____H 2 ____SO 3 + _____H 2 O ____O 2 + _____MgCl 2

Single Replacement Reactions Example: ____Cu + 2 AgNO 3  In a single replacement reaction a metal will replace another atom with a positive charge. Use your periodic table to determine what charge the "new" metal is most likely to have – for Type II metals, simply assign one of the possible charges. 2 Ag + ___Cu(NO 3 ) 2

Double Replacement Reactions 1. ____BaCl 2 + ____Na 2 CO 3  Double replacement reactions occur when the positive ions of two compounds "switch partners" creating two new compounds. Again, formulas must account for cation/anion charges – Type II metals retain the same charge on the product side. 2 BaCO 3 + ___ NaCl

Combustion Reactions 1. ____CH 4 + ____O 2  Combustion reactions always have hydrocarbons (C x H y ) or carbohydrates (C x H y O z ) combining with pure oxygen (O 2 ). The products are carbon dioxide and water. "Incomplete Combustion" results from a lack of available oxygen, and gives carbon monoxide as a product instead of carbon dioxide. It can't be predicted as a likely reaction based on the reactants. _____CO 2 + _____H 2 O

Identify the most likely reaction type; predict the products; and, balance the following equations. 1. ____Al + ____O 2  2. ____BaSO 4 + ____MgCl 2  3. ____ Zn + ____H 2 SO 4  4. ____CrCl 3  6. ____Ca(OH) 2  7. ____Cu(ClO 3 ) 2 