Tuesday, October 15 th Entry Task List 4 pieces of important information about your rock. Be thorough, we will be sharing. Schedule: Rock Project Homework Finish Rock Project Objective: I can understand important information about my rock Please have on desk: Research for your rock All other work will be checked off later this week

Wednesday, October 16 th Entry Task If you would like extra credit we will be taking volunteers to share their rock project Schedule: Rock Project Presentation Objective I can understand important information about different types of rocks Homework: Rock Project due tomorrow Please Have on Desk: Rock Project

Thursday, October 17 th Entry Task Think about any information that you feel unsure about when it comes to rocks. List 3 things you would like further information on or for me to clarify. Schedule: Rock Vocabulary Homework: Chapter 3 vocabulary- due tomorrow Chapter 3 review-page #1-34 (due Monday) Chapter 2/3 Test on Tuesday!!! Objective: I can understand important terms associated with rocks

Friday, October 18 th Entry Task 1.Write down the big idea for chapter 2 2.Write down the key concepts for each section in chapter 2 3.Write down the big idea for chapter 3 4.Write down the key concepts for each section in chapter 3 Schedule: Rock Notes Chapter 2/3 review Objective: I can understand important information about minerals and rocks Homework Chapter 3 review-page #1-34 Chapter 2 review- page # 1-29 in your notebook (due Tuesday) Chapter 2/3 Test on Tuesday!!!

ROCKS A Rock is a naturally formed solid that is usually made up of one or more types of minerals

ROCKS vs. Minerals Rocks 1.Proportions of minerals vary 2. Minerals can be jumbled together 3.None to 1 or more minerals can be present Minerals 1.Is the same elements in the same proportions 2.There is an orderly crystal structure

Examples of Rocks Rocks with no minerals OBSIDIAN – glass like and does not have a crystal structure COAL- is made of dead plants 1 or more minerals LIMESTONE- can be made entirely of calcite GABBRO- made of several types of minerals

Our world is built of rocks Rock is so common and has many purposes 1.Building houses and skyscrapers 2.Sources of metal like iron aluminum and copper 3.Carvings of statues and art 4.Pavement on roads and highways They last a long time Ancient structures, monuments and sculptures were made from rock Great wall of china Pyramids in Egypt Mount Rushmore

Rocks change as they move through the rock cycle The Rock cycle is a set of natural processes that form, change, and break down, and reform rock. Rocks are classified by how they form There is no particular order to the rock cycle There is no beginning and no ending These changes take thousands to million of years

TYPES OF ROCKS page 79 1.IGNEOUS- Forms when molten rock cools and becomes a solid (lava and magma) –rock book 2. SEDIMENTARY- Forms when pieces of older rocks, plants, and other loose materials are pressed together at the earths surface (weathering and erosion) 3. METAMORPHIC- Forms when older rocks buried deep in the crust change into new types of rock (heat and pressure)

IGNEOUS ROCKS Rocks that form when molten (melted) rock cools and becomes a solid Temperatures deep within the Earth are so hot 1400 F- 2300F rock will melt MAGMA Molten Rock that is below the surface of the Earth LAVA When magma reaches the surface of the Earth it is called Lava

1. Composition Igneous rocks are classified by how much silica content they have Igneous rocks are mostly made of silicate minerals (silica and oxygen) Color will give you a good estimate of the amount of Silica HIGH LEVELS OF SILICALOW LEVELS OF SILICA Color= LightColor= Dark GRANITEBASALT RHYOLITEGABBRO

2. Origins of Igneous rocks Magma and Lava form different types of igneous rocks IN TRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCK One that forms when magma cools within the Earth (INside) Granite same composition Same composition Gabbro EX TRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCK One that forms when lava cools on Earth surface (EXterior ) Rhyolite Pumice Basalt

3.TEXTURE- the size of its mineral crystals -Depends on how fast the magma or lava cool Intrusive- Stay below the Earth LARGE CRYSTALS FORM FROM MAGMA 1.The interior is very hot 2.High temperature allows for slow cooling 3.Slow cooling allows time for LARGE CRYSTALS Extrusive- At the surface SMALL CRYSTALS FORM FROM LAVA 1.The surface is cooler than inside Earth 2.Low temperatures cause lava to cool fast 3.There is no time for large crystals to form

ROCK FORMATIONS Igneous rocks make long-lasting landforms INTRUSIVE ROCK FORMATIONS Magma can slowly cool inside a volcano. Over time, wind and water can wear away surrounding rock to expose the intrusive rock. These landforms are harder and longer lasting than other types of rocks EXTRUSIVE ROCK FORMATIONS Lava erupts in different ways 1. low silica lava, like basalt, flows easy in thin layers (Hawaii, Columbia Plateau) 2. High silica lava builds steep cone shaped volcanoes and erupt explosively (Mt. St. Helens)

Devils rock and Ship rock Are examples of Intrusive Rock Formations

Low Silica lava flow form extrusive rock formation in thin layers HAWAIIAN ISLANDS

MT. ST. HELENS High Silica Lava forms Extrusive land formation with violent erupts

3.3 Sedimentary Rocks Some rocks form from rock particles Most sedimentary rocks form from loose material that gets pressed together. Sediments are materials that settle out of water or air. Sediments can be loose pieces of rocks and minerals or even plant and animal remains.

Sedimentary rocks develop layers

Types of Sedimentary Rock Made of other rock particles, classified by particles size. – Big particles (pebbles and bigger) conglomerate, puddingstone – Smaller particles – sandstone, shale,, mudstone. Made of plants or shells – Plants (formed in swamps) coal – Shells (dissolved or not) limestone, chalk

3.4 Metamorphic Rock Heat and Pressure can change a rock Because pressure and temperature increase with depth, rocks change more when they are buried deeper in the crust. The deeper the rock, the more heat and pressure it is exposed to, the more it changes.

Foliated vs. Nonfoliated Rocks Foliation is an arrangement of minerals in flat or wavy parallel bands. Foliation occurs when rocks are under pressure. – Rock must contain more than one type of mineral. Nonfoliated rocks occur when heat and pressure are applied to rocks that contain only one kind of mineral – Limestone becomes Marble

Foliated vs. Nonfoliated Rocks