Agenda 2-6 Fuel specification in India and Alternative Fuel Scenario SIAM – JAMA Two-Wheeler Group Meeting 31 st October 2014, Goa

Fuel Specification in India - Roadmap 1/6 SpecificationArea’s BS III 13 Major Cities Entire Country BS IV 13 Major Cities 20 New Cities Northern India Southern India Entire Country BS V Problems/Hurdles for completely switching over from BS IV to BS V by  Huge Investment to upgrade refineries, Oil companies can not upgrade without funding. (if funding provided refineries can be compliant by 2019). Apr 2005 Sep 2010 Apr 2010 Oct 2014 Mar 2015 Mar 2017 BS III Fuel spread all across the country 2016

Fuel Specification in India - Development 2/6 Low Lead Gasoline Unleaded Gasoline Euro V Euro V:91[95] Euro V:18 Euro V

No. Of refineries Refinery Wise status of production - 22 Refineries (21 Operational) Gasoline – Availability & Refineries Status Domestic Demand : Motor Spirit / Gasoline (Million Tons Per Annum) 3/ Demand Volume (Mil Ton) Demand Production Demand Production Demand Production Next Stage Emission Norms BS V (2020/2021)

Alternative Fuel Scenario in India

Alternate Fuel for 2W’s in India 4/6 Though liquid fuels will continue to have major presence due to their reach and ease of logistics, Other fuels will also be looked considering the future: Logical choice to replace liquid fuel because of environmental qualities. CNG may play increasingly dominant role in the energy mix in India. At present CNG is supplied 922 stations in 50 cities across 10 states serving over more than 1.9 million vehicles. LPG as an Auto fuel is equally considerable compare to CNG. Auto LPG seen a drastic decrease in usage because the price has gone up to 80 % of Gasoline price. Bio fuel is developing an better alternate fuel for automotive. Methanol is an alternative fuel for IC engines either in combination with gasoline or directly. Government is very keen to implement use of Bio fuel in automotive. Availability of bio fuel considering the volume is major bottleneck in India. 1. CNG 2. LPG 3. Bio Fuel

Alternate Fuel for 2W’s in India 5/6 Adoption & Focus on full range electric vehicles can help mitigating the challenges of India’s energy security. Government have made the NEMMP 2020 providing the vision and roadmap for full range of electric vehicles. However Electric Mobility have following challenges in India: Consumer Acceptability due high price & low efficiency Technology Development, low level of R&D. Manufacturing Investment is low Lack of Infrastructure e.g. battery charging. Hydrogen being a clean, reliable and sustainable source of energy has been recognized as fuel for the future. Ministry of new and Renewable Energy has setup the national hydrogen energy roadmap for gradual introduction of Hydrogen energy. Hydrogen Vision 2020 includes Rs/kg and target 1 million vehicles on road. 4. Electric / Hybrid Vehicles 5. Hydrogen Fuel

Year BIS Specification (IS:2796) Max 5% (v/v) or 10% (v/v) Max 5% (v/v) or 10% (v/v) Max 5% (v/v) or 10% (v/v) Notification Only 5% as per BIS Spec 5 % depending on PRICE 5% As per commercial viability - As per BIS specification Up to 10% and 5% mandatory across the country E5 MandatoryOptionalMandatoryOptionalMandatory E10 Not Allowed Optional Area 9 States 4 UT 10 states 3 UT 20 states 4 UT 20 states 4 UT Entire India Ethanol Blending in Gasoline – Current Situation Government have released notification in Jan 2013 for blending up to 10% maintaining an average of 5% Million liters of Ethanol is required for 5% Ethanol blending annually. Jan 2013 ~ Sep 2014: Oil companies can procure only 400 million. Average 1.37 % blending have been achieved by Jul [MoP&NG data published in Newspaper) Current Situation in India: Progression of Govt Notification for Ethanol Blending: 6/6

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