UW-Milwaukee Geography Vision and Objectives National Phenology Network (NPN)

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Presentation transcript:

UW-Milwaukee Geography Vision and Objectives National Phenology Network (NPN)

UW-Milwaukee Geography Definition of Phenology u Phenology which is derived from the Greek word phaino meaning to show or to appear, is the study of plant and animal life cycle events, which are triggered by environmental changes, especially temperature. Thus, timings of phenological events are ideal indicators of global change impacts. u Seasonality is a related term, referring to similar non-biological events, such as timing of the fall formation and spring break-up of ice on fresh water lakes.

UW-Milwaukee Geography Phenological Research u Traditional approach: agriculture- centered, and local-scale events u Recent approach: Earth systems interactions, and global-scale events u Question: What roles for phenology in current and future agricultural research?

UW-Milwaukee Geography Critical Research Areas u Atmosphere-Biosphere Interactions u Long-term Organism response to Climate Change u Global Phenology Databases for monitoring and management

UW-Milwaukee Geography Integrated Approach u Satellite Observations (MODIS-NDVI/EVI) u Indicator Species Phenology u Native Species Phenology

UW-Milwaukee Geography #1 Issue: Lack of Data! u Surface phenological data is virtually non-existent in the USA u A National Phenology Network can profoundly affect the future course of bioclimatic research in the USA

UW-Milwaukee Geography Vision of a USA National Phenology Network (NPN) u a continental-scale network observing regionally appropriate native plant species, cloned indicator plants (lilac +?), (and selected agricultural crops?) u designed to complement remote sensing observations u data collected will be freely available to the research community and general public

UW-Milwaukee Geography Addressing new continental-scale questions

UW-Milwaukee Geography Prototype for web-based NPN

UW-Milwaukee Geography Select appropriate native species

UW-Milwaukee Geography Submit data over the Internet

UW-Milwaukee Geography Critical Research Areas u Atmosphere-Biosphere Interactions u Long-term Organism response to Climate Change u Global Phenology Databases for monitoring and management

UW-Milwaukee Geography Diurnal Range Change with Lilac First Leaf Source: Schwartz 1996, Figure 3

UW-Milwaukee Geography Comparative Net Ecosystem Exchange

UW-Milwaukee Geography Comparative Net Ecosystem Exchange Annual “Downturn” Rates

UW-Milwaukee Geography NPN Contributions u Facilitate understanding of plant phenological cycles and their relationship to climate (energy balance, carbon flux, and “traditional” measures)

UW-Milwaukee Geography Critical Research Areas u Atmosphere-Biosphere Interactions u Long-term Organism response to Climate Change u Global Phenology Databases for monitoring and management

UW-Milwaukee Geography Terrestrial Biosphere Dynamic Change Detection u Satellite Phenology u Simulated Phenology (Models) u Cloned Species Phenology u Native Species Phenology

UW-Milwaukee Geography Cloned lilac first leaf and first bloom dates at a single station in Vermont

UW-Milwaukee Geography Simulated phenology developed from lilac and honeysuckle data combined with climate data Source: Schwartz and Reiter 2000, Plate 4 (updated)

UW-Milwaukee Geography Lilac First Leaf Slope

UW-Milwaukee Geography Lilac First Bloom Slope

UW-Milwaukee Geography Integrated Species Indices (ISI) southwestern Wisconsin

UW-Milwaukee Geography NPN Contributions u Comprehensive evaluation of satellite-derived measurements u Evaluate impacts of longer growing seasons on pollinators, cattle, crop and forest pests, wildfires, carbon storage, and water use

UW-Milwaukee Geography Critical Research Areas u Atmosphere-Biosphere Interactions u Long-term Organism response to Climate Change u Global Phenology Databases for monitoring and management

UW-Milwaukee Geography SI First Leaf Date Slope

UW-Milwaukee Geography North. Hem. SI First Leaf Date Departures

UW-Milwaukee Geography NPN Contributions u Detection of long-term phenological trends in response to climate variability/global warming

UW-Milwaukee Geography Future NPN Contributions u Interpretation/Comparison of satellite phenology with “spatially concentrated” surface data u Interpretation of “ripple effects” in biomes and managed systems

UW-Milwaukee Geography Workshop Issues u Native species selection for regions u Expansion of indicator plants to entire country u Web-based reporting and feedback system u Network infrastructure design and function u Collaborative and cooperative agreements u Deployment and development strategies u Public engagement and awareness