Turkmenistan: Health Status Country Profile, 2012 Lauren E. Valyo* and Supercourse Developers

Population Statistics Population: 4,997,503 (as of July 2011) Population growth rate: 1.138% (2011)

Demographics: Age structure: 0-14 years: 27.5% (male 696,749/female 679,936) years: 68.4% (male 1,692,885/female 1,724,019) 65 years and over: 4.1% (male 88,590/female 115,324) Infant Mortality Rate: total: deaths/1,000 live births male: deaths/1,000 live births female: deaths/1,000 live births (2011) Life Expectancy at birth: total population: years male: years female: years (2011 est.)

Demographics Continued: Birth/Death Rate: Birth rate: births/1,000 population (2011) Death rate: 6.24 deaths/1,000 population (2011) Urbanization: Urbanization: urban population: 50% of total population (2010) Rate of Urbanization: 2.2% annual rate of change (2010) Sex ratio Total Fertility Rate: birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 2.16 children born/woman (2011) under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female

Cultural Turkmenistan Nationality: noun: Turkmen Ethnic Groups: -Turkmen 85%, Uzbek 5%, Russian 4%, other 6% (2003) Religions: -Muslim 89%, Eastern Orthodox 9%, unknown 2%

Cultural Turkmenistan Continued: Languages: -Turkmen (official) 72%, Russian 12%, Uzbek 9%, other 7% Literacy: male: 99.3% female: 98.3% (1999 est.)

Health Information: Health expenditures: -2.3% of GDP (2009) Physicians density: physicians/1,000 population (2007) Hospital bed density: beds/1,000 population (2007)

Top Ten Causes of Death Disease: Ranking of Relevance Total Deaths/Year Coronary Heart Disease 111,665 Hypertension 25,203 Influenza and Pneumonia 32,912 Stroke 42,195 Liver Disease 51,591 Diarrheal diseases 61,031 Tuberculosis 71,026 Low Birth Weight 8900 Other Injuries 9766 Suicide 10719

HIV/AIDS Statistics: HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: -less than 0.1% (2007) HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: -fewer than 200 (2007) HIV/AIDS – deaths: -fewer than 100 (2004) According to statistics, Turkmenistan remains one of the few countries of the world in which AIDS spread risk rate is almost equal to zero.

Economy and Exports: Turkmenistan's economy depends heavily on production of natural gas, oil, petrochemicals and, to a lesser degree, cotton and textiles. The country remains one of the largest gas producers among the former Soviet republics. The country's key industries are still state-owned. In May 2010, the government adopted the National Program for Socio-Economic Development of Turkmenistan for The program visualizes diversification of the economy and increased competition, and recognizes the importance of further market and institutional reforms. (US Dept. of State)

Communication Since President Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov's policy of providing "Internet access to every home, school and kindergarten," has taken effect, the visibility of Turkmenistan's communication sector has also risen. However, Turkmenistan still struggles with their foreign communication due to inconsistent regulatory practices, and unfamiliarity with international business norms.

Communication Services: Fixed-line services: Total number of subscribers: 520,550,000 Annual change: 6% Fixed-line penetration (population): 11% Mobile Services: Total number of subscribers (million): 3.24 Annual change: 41% Mobile penetration (population): 63%-88%

Resources: maps.google.com International Monetary Fund World Economic Outlook CIA World Factbook Index Mundi worldlifeexpectancy.com unescap.org v1533/Turkmenistan-Telecoms-Mobile-Internet / resources-for-health.asp hts_and_health_in_turkmenistan.pdf

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