Vladimír Wagner Nuclear physics institute of CAS, Řež, Czech Republic, E_mail: for collaboration “Energy plus transmutation RAW” (Russia, Belarus, Germany, Greece, Poland, Ukraine, Czech Republic …) 1. Introduction 2. Big uranium target KVINTA 2.1 Description 2.2 First set of experiments 2.3 Beam monitoring 3. ERINDA project 3.1 Project of 7 FP 3.2 Cross-section measurements 4. Conclusions and outlooks Mart 26-27, 2011 Liblice, Czech Republic First experiments with big uranium set-up KVINTA irradiated by deuterons

1)To have „simple set-up for benchmark studies of neutron production and transport simulation codes (for example MCNPX code). 2)Systematic of deuteron beams with energies higher then 1 GeV. 3)Measurement of neutrons and delayed neutrons during low intensive beam 4)Activation and track detectors 5)To obtain strong source of neutrons for transmutation tests Main objectives: Set-up: Natural uranium target: rods with Al cladding total weight 315 kg (500 kg) Sometimes lead box is used: bricks 1780 kg KVINTA Setup "Центр Физико-Технических Проектов“ "АТОМЭНЕРГОМАШ"

QUINTA-M setup layout at the irradiation position Target «Quinta-М» Plate (700х400х16) Platform p, d - SSNTD and AD positions at the QUINTA-M target surface Rails Beam window Pad with a Pb foil monitor and SSNTD Detector plates

Cadmium containers with activation detectors Detectors plate Track detectors R=40 R=120 Installation of KVINTA set-up and placement of detectors

Lead shielding is possible to use for some experiments

QUINTA-M setup and equipment layout during an experiment at F-3 focus 3320 Beam extraction Ionization chamber Activation foil Profilometer QUINTA-М Polyethylene shielding Sc telescope Stilbene, NE213 detectors ISOMER 30° 90° 150° Platform (turned by 3° relatively to the beam axis) detector Не 3 NE213 Stilbene, NE213 detectors Stilbene, NE213 detectors 1)Activation detectors 2)Track detectors 3)NE213, Stilben neutron detectors 4)He-3 detectors Radioactive samples for transmutation studies

First irradiation First experiment with very low intensity of beam – delayed neutrons measurement, no activation detectors

First full irradiation – March 2011 Three different energies: 2 GeV, 4 GeV and 6 GeV – low and high intensity run irradiation time – around 20 hours

Aluminum and copper beam monitor foils Deuteron beam 2 GeV, 4 GeV and 6 GeV Integral number of deuterons – aluminum foil few meters from the set-up Common measurement using ionization chamber Common measurement of copper foil cross-section determination Cut copper foil – beam profile determination 8 cm

The ERINDA Project Start date: 1/1/2011 Duration : 4 years Beam time: 2600 hours Typical experiments: 26 Support: 80 manweeks The ERINDA Consortium 13 partners- 13 facilities hours for external users Web-site: Project Coordinator: A. Junghans The ERINDA project is an Integrated Infrastructure Initiative (I3) funded under the 7th framework programme (FP7) of the European Commission. ERINDA Transnational Access Activities

→ measurement capabilities : quasi-monochromatic neutron beams high-resolution neutron time-of-flight facilities thermal neutron beams charged particle beams indirect measurements (surrogate reactions) isotopic yield distributions (Penning trap) → neutron energy range: sub-thermal energies – several hundred MeV high-quality nuclear data for waste transmutation or Generation IV systems Main ERINDA tasks February 21, 2011

AIFIRA 3.5 MV Van de Graaff accelerator 100 keV – 6 MeV CENBG Bordeaux (France) BRR 10 MW research reactor cold and thermal IKI Budapest (Hungary) Lolita 3.7 MV Van de Graaff accelerator 10 keV – 1.5 MeV FZ Karlsruhe (Germany) nELBE 40 MeV superconducting electron linac 20 keV – 8 MeV, 14 MeV FZ Dresden (Germany) PIAF CV28 cyclotron and 3.7 MV Van de Graaff accelerator 24 keV – 19 MeV PTB Braunschweig (Germany) TSL 180 MeV cyclotron 20 MeV – 175 MeV UU-TSL Uppsala (Sweden) CEA 4 MV Van de Graaff accelerator, 7 MV tandem accelerator, 19 MeV electron linac 30 keV – 20 MeV CEA Bruyéres-le-Chatel (France) n_TOF 20 GeV proton beam of the PS + spallation neutron source 1 eV – 250 MeV CERN Geneva (Switzerland/France) Tandem-ALTO 15 MV tandem + photo-fission source up to 20 MeV, IPN Orsay (France) (ALTO) up to 50 MeV Participated neutron sources

Accelerator – Cyclotron U-120M Beam: protons with energy from 10 up to 24 MeV (3μA) deuterons with energy from 10 up to 20 MeV (3μA) 3 He with energy from 17 up to 57 MeV (2μA) alpha with energy from 20 up to 40 MeV (2μA) High intensive cm -2 s -1 negative ion beam: protons with energy from 10 up to 37 MeV (20μA) deuterons with energy from 10 up to 20 MeV (10μA) Different tasks: 1)Radiopharmaceutical research and production 2)Astrophysical reaction research (mainly with 3 He beam) 3)Neutron research using two different neutron generators

Fast neutron generators NG 2 – white source on H- beam (heavy water target) with very high neutron flux cm -2 s -1 spectrum range from 2 up to 34 MeV neutron irradiation of small samples, integral bechmark tests of fusion (IFMIF) relevant neutron activation cross sections NG 2 - quasi monoenergetic p – 7 Li source with neutron flux 10 9 cm -2 s -1, energy 18 – 35 MeV Negative ions high intensity for activation and irradiation experiments NG - 2 Lower intensive beam for spectroscopic measurement NG - 1 NG 1 – white neutron source based on heavy watter, berylium and lithium targets (

Conclusions and outlooks Different targets and set-ups use Nuclotron accelerator New set-up – big uranium target Kvinta Main tasks: 1) Measurement of neutron distribution 2) Benchmark of simulation codes 3) Intensive source of neutrons for transmutation studies First set of experiments – deuterons with energy 2 GeV, 4 GeV and 6 GeV (March 2011) Low intensive beam – electronic neutron detectors, delayed neutron measurement High intensive beam – activation and track detectors, transmutation studies Test of beam monitors (determination of new important cross-sections of deuteron reactions on copper Start o systematic studies using high energy deuteron beam New FP-7 project ERNIDA – possibility of studies using different european neutron sources