The Atomic Number. Reminder: Elements are different types of atoms (like different LEGO blocks) Elements are defined by the number of protons in the nucleus.

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Presentation transcript:

The Atomic Number

Reminder: Elements are different types of atoms (like different LEGO blocks) Elements are defined by the number of protons in the nucleus – This is the atomic number – Locate it on your diagram, & label! The same element may have different #’s of electrons & neutrons  ALWAYS have the same # of protons!

Atomic Mass # of protons + # of neutrons = atomic mass Located on bottom of element diagram So, we can calculate the # of neutrons by:  Atomic Mass – Atomic Number = # of Neutrons

Isotopes

Not all elements are the same! – Number of neutrons can vary! – What has to stay the same? Isotopes: atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

What does this mean? These don’t affect the chemical or physical properties BUT there are some isotopes that are unstable  atoms fall apart releasing energy (radioactive decay) Have different atomic masses – Why A.M on periodic table are not whole #’s! they are averages!

How designate which one you are talking about? Nuclide notation: mass of isotope in upper left hand side of symbol; place atomic number on bottom left hand side – Example: Hyphen Notation: can refer to it by element name & mass – Example: Hydrogen-2

Average Atomic Masses Definition: weighted average of the atomic masses of naturally occurring isotopes of an element See periodic table to see averages Math: (mass of A)(%abundance of A) + (mass of B) (%abundance of B) +(mass of C)(%abundance of C)/100 Do worksheet