Computers Are Your Future Tenth Edition Spotlight 1: Ethics Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1

2 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Spotlight 1: Ethics Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall3

Computer Ethics for Computer Users An ethical principle is the justification used to determine whether a rule or act is morally right or wrong. Computer ethics take basic ethical principles and apply them to daily computer use. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall4

Computer Ethics for Computer Users An act is considered ethical if: Society would benefit if everyone acted in the same manner. It treats people as an end rather than a means to an end. Impartial observers would rate it as fair to all concerned parties. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall5

Computer Ethics for Computer Users The acceptable- use policy is a set of rules to be followed when using computers at school or a place of business. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall6

Computer Ethics for Computer Users Rules for using school or business computers: Respect yourself Never give account passwords to others Never use the Internet in a manner that may reflect badly on you Respect others Share computer resources Act professionally Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall7

Computer Ethics for Computer Users Rules for using school or business computers (continued): Respect academic integrity Cite text copied from the Internet Obtain permission to use pictures from the Internet Refrain from misusing software Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall8

Computer Ethics for Computer Users Ten Commandments for Computer Ethics—Background Developed by the Computer Ethics Institute of the Brookings Institution Applicable for computer programmers, system designers, and all computer users Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall9

Computer Ethics for Computer Users The Ten Commandments include: Not using computers to hurt or interfere with computer work of others Not looking at others’ files or using the computer to steal from or lie about others Not using or copying proprietary software that was not purchased by the user Not using others’ computer resources or intellectual property without authorization Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall10

Computer Ethics for Computer Users Netiquette A series of guidelines to be followed when using the Internet Results in a more respectful environment Use with discussion forums and and instant messages Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall11

Computer Ethics for Computer Users While psychologists do not agree regarding the effects of playing violent computer video games, the fact is that computer video games are becoming more violent. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall12

Computer Ethics for Organizations Although common, employees should not conduct personal business on their computers while at work. Businesses and organizations have an obligation to protect their data from being lost or damaged and from inaccuracies and misuse. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall13

Computer Ethics for Computer Professionals Professionals should follow a code of professional ethics. Many professional groups develop codes of conduct for their members to follow. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall14

Computer Ethics for Computer Professionals The most important goals at the heart of each code of ethics for computer professionals should be to ensure that human life is protected and to safeguard others from harm or injury. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall15

It’s Not Just Unethical, It’s Illegal Too Plagiarism Is the use of another’s ideas, writings, or intellectual property without his or her permission Is unethical and illegal Has existed for a long time Is now easier, and therefore more tempting, because of the Internet Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall16

It’s Not Just Unethical, It’s Illegal Too Copyright infringement occurs when copyrighted material is plagiarized. The fair use doctrine allows limited use of copyrighted material for research, education, and commentary. Use brief selection May not compromise the commercial value of the original work Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall17

It’s Not Just Unethical, It’s Illegal Too Libel The publication of untrue assertions about a person or entity that results in injury to the person or entity. Ease of computer use makes it ripe for libel. Posting a document on the Internet is publishing it. Ensure that anything you publish is true. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall18

It’s Not Just Unethical, It’s Illegal Too Software piracy: Copying or distributing copyrighted software. Users purchase a software license. The license grants that user the right to back up and install the software. Software may only be used on one machine at a time. Making copies for others is illegal. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall19

It’s Not Just Unethical, It’s Illegal Too Public domain software Free to users May be copied and modified without any legal repercussions Shareware Users may use freely during a trial period. Users must buy the software to continue use. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall20

It’s Not Just Unethical, It’s Illegal Too General Public License (GPL) Under the auspices of the Free Software Foundation Users may copy, use, and modify freely as long as software Site license: A contract that permits an entity to install software on multiple computers at a reduced cost. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall21

It’s Not Just Unethical, It’s Illegal Too Sharing copyrighted files is illegal. Includes music and movies May result in fines or jail terms Does not matter whether user is downloading the copyrighted files for his or her own use or uploading the files to share with others Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall22