Dynamic Sensor Networks DARPA SensIT Review May 30, 2001 Arlington, VA You Are Here

Agenda 1:00 – Introduction / Project Overview (40 minutes).  Project Accomplishments  Milestones/Deliverables Summary  Funding Status 1:40 – Networking (40 minutes).  Low Power / Low Latency Link and MAC Protocols  GPS-less Localization 2:20 – Break (10 minutes). 2:30 – Sensor Network Control and Planning (50 minutes).  GUI Status  Coverage Server (Sensorware)  User Platform Status. 3:20 – SensIT Integration Effort (40 minutes).  Future Experiment Plans  Open Discussion

Key Personnel USC Information Sciences Institute  Brian Schott  Bob Parker UCLA  Mani Srivastava Virginia Tech  Mark Jones

DSN Challenge What can you accomplish with sensor networks given GPS? Eliminate IP-like addressing and routing tables and instead use GPS location for spatial addressing and routing. Design a query interface that tasks geolocations, not individual sensor nodes. Build robust failure-tolerant applications from top down. GPS timing for accurate TDMA and bit-level synchronization for ultra-low power receive.

DSN Research Focus DSN is focusing on three SensIT research areas: Distribution and Aggregation.  Low-power link protocols, power- aware routing, and spatial addressing. Declarative Language and Execution Environment.  Topographical interface.  Sensor network emulation for rapid development. Platforms.  GPS-synchronized ultra-low- power communications.

DSN Highlights Developed hybrid real/simulated sensor network framework incorporated into mainstream ns release. Created cross-platform node-independent Java GUI for live situation display and query language generation. Extended the capabilities of open platform Linux handheld PDAs for sensor network operator interfaces. Participated in two SensIT field experiments to demonstrate key sensor networking technologies. Designed GPS-synchronized DSNCOMM radio board.

SITEX00 Twenty-nine Palms, August 2000 Prototype user platform was laptop, HUD, GPS, compass.  Own location/bearing in sensor network on topographical display.  Eventual target is PDA. GUI communicated with Sensoria 1.0 nodes in field using instrumentation Ethernet backbone (wired).  Tracked GPS location variation from survey.  Exercised Sensorware- created maximal breach path algorithm as sensor nodes were moved. You Are Here?

SITEX01 Twenty-nine Palms, March 2001 In Sensor Field:  Wave Intensity Comparison – multiple projections are made from seismic signal energy at sensor node clusters.  Nine Rockwell HYDRA nodes.  Laptop with web cam.  COTS wireless Ethernet bridge to base camp (~1km). At Base Camp:  Situation status display GUI (running on laptop).  Live video feed on wireless PDA. (ISI, VT, UCLA, Rockwell)

SITEX01 DSN/Sensorware Collaboration Dynamic Sensor Networks  ISI, VT, UCLA.  Provided wireless/wired Ethernet backbone for instrumentation and long-haul link.  Supplied IPAQ+GPS units for vehicle location logging.  Created mySQL databases for vehicle and event logs.  Integrated DSN GUI to display this status information from Hydra gateway node.  Setup webcam in sensor field.  Demonstrated wireless IPAQ video and cross-displayed VT GUI. Sensorware  Rockwell, UCLA.  Supplied 10 Hydra nodes.  Developed WIC algorithm on Hydra nodes.  Customized VT GUI on Windows laptop to generate TDMA slot query.

Sensor Network Interface IPAQ running Linux with wireless Ethernet PC card. Cross-displayed VT GUI from Linux laptop to X on IPAQ.  Displayed node locations, live vehicle ground truth, live seismic energy levels, etc.  Full Java 1.3 compliance on IPAQ near completion at Compaq. Live wireless video from laptop webcam to IPAQ using VIC tool.  Achieved ~5 fps (now 30 fps).  Exploring better integration of video into VT GUI for multi-camera display.  Investigating low power video transmission codecs under PAC/C PADS project.

GPS Ground Truth IPAQ + GPS Ethernet  Logged vehicle locations once per second.  Transmitted log to mySQL database in real time when in range of wireless LAN.  Ran 8 hours on 4 D-cells.  Worked great!

Long Haul Ethernet Provided long-haul link from base camp to sensor field.  (2) access points with directional antennas (~3 mile range). Provided an instrumentation backbone without wires.  (2) access points with omni antennas (0.3 mile range). Worked very well in the field.  11 Mb/sec adequate for most purposes (including video).  Convenient to be able to telnet to all devices – even in vehicles!  Recommend full coverage at next exercise.

Instrumentation Laptop One instrumentation laptop per 3-node HYDRA cluster.  Log radio events, seismic energy from HYDRA serial port. One UPS battery per cluster.  Weighs 65 pounds!  In practice, barely adequate. In future, plan to use more IPAQs instead! Linux Laptop powered by UPS Wireless Ethernet USB Serial(8) Hub Wireless access point + hub (in gateway laptop only)

DSNCOMM Board Commercial GPS Board  Motorola Oncore UT GPS  TDMA Tx/Rx by GPS  50ns 915 MHz ISM Band Chipset  RFMD 9901/ FSK - 100kbps  Open loop bit sync - no sync preamble Status  ISI-W needed to rev DSNCOMM because of power supply noise. New rev is completed.  Serial port interface being debugged. Expect experimental results in next quarter.

Distribution and Aggregation Deliverables FY99  Initial Network Services API Specification (UCLA) [complete] UCLA has defined a set of functions that make up this API specification for the DSN platform and continues to analyze protocols using the ns simulation tool. FY00  NS Simulation Code Release and Documentation (UCLA) [complete]. UCLA has made the SensorSim simulator code available to other members of the SensIT community. USC/ISI (Deborah Estrin’s group) is making SensorSim a formal part of the ns release.  Spatial Addressing and Routing Simulation (UCLA) [complete]. UCLA is investigating addressing and routing protocols currently using the ns simulator. This work is exercising the ns simulator development. The simulation work is complete; an implementation using a test platform is also being done. FY01  PDA Experiment Code Release, Documentation, Report (UCLA) [Q3]. FY02  Integration Code Release, Documentation, and Results Report (UCLA) [Q3].

Declarative Languages and Execution Environment Deliverables FY99  Topographical Map GUI Prototype Specification (VT) [complete]. Virginia Tech delivered a first release of the GUI that is able to process user inputs and generates a format appropriate for U-Maryland query language. FY00  Java Code Release and Documentation (VT) [complete]. Virginia Tech has delivered the GUI source code to BBN. VT demonstrated this code at the SITEX00 experiment. Periodic updates to this interface continue for a hopefully integrated SensIT experiment in March FY01  Query Language Integration Specification (VT) [complete] Virginia Tech has been working with the SensIT community at the BBN telecons and has specified an interface to generate user inputs for the U-Maryland query language.

Platform Deliverables FY99  Baseline Platform Specification [complete]. ISI created specification for GPS-synchronized DSNCOMM board for communication platform experiments. FY00  Integrated Platform Selection [complete]. For integrated communication experiment, ISI would emulate Sensoria 1.0 platform connector functionality to a PDA. FY01  GPS Laboratory Experiment [Q3 – delayed to Q4]. Hardware error required respin of DSNCOMM board. The voltage regulator oscillation problem has now been resolved. Firmware is being finalized for serial port modem experiment. FY02  Integrated GPS Experiment [Q3]. Results from above will determine if it is feasible to field a GPS-synchronized TDMA radio in a deployed platform.

Financial Status