Dr. J.M.M. Ritzen Conference Leading Russian Universities within the context of European tendencies of high school development, Moscow, June 28, 2011 European universities have a chance!

Maastricht Graduate School of Governance Challenge for Europe Vibrant continent Attractive for talent  Requires vibrant universities which attract talent world wide

Maastricht Graduate School of Governance Context of Europe Slow economic growth (crisis) Ageing and only 6% of world population in 2030 Cohesion contested with strong linguistic barriers

Maastricht Graduate School of Governance Context of Europe Exemplified: growth

Maastricht Graduate School of Governance European Universities Challenge Contribute to growth Contribute to demography (brain circulation) Contribute to sustainability

Maastricht Graduate School of Governance European Universities Performance The Public Eye Too few peaks in the European university landscape, losing top talent to the rest of the world Succesful enrolment of students from socially disadvantaged groups is too low Overall drop-out rates are too high University research contributes too little to innovation University education is not sufficiently related to the demands of the labour market Percentage of female full professors is often no more than 10 to 20% on average The attention for efficient and effective learning of students is virtually absent and innovations in learning methods occur too rarely

Maastricht Graduate School of Governance European universities Performance International Ranking Underrepresented in top 50 (UK as exception) As a whole underrepresented in top 200, with exceptions: UK, Netherlands, Switserland, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland  limited attraction for non EU-students  brain drain to US

Maastricht Graduate School of Governance Performance: European universities are national while we need globalized leadership Globalized leadership: the ability to function effectively on the international labour market in advanced positions where strategic decisions are taken in the private and in the public sector. Universities are not providing the basis for a strong and viable Europe, in a cultural, social and economic sense. Nationalness of university systems versus internationalisation efforts of European universities and globalised labour market of its alumni National markets  less competition  less innovation  less excellence.

Maastricht Graduate School of Governance Demography: the graduate supply-demand gap

Maastricht Graduate School of Governance Brain circulation as a solution Attract foreign talent European track record: reasonable (22% of all foreign students, exclusive at internal EU migration)

Maastricht Graduate School of Governance A European HE space To create European citizen International leadership Intra European mobility of 20% (?)

Maastricht Graduate School of Governance HE space implies Same legislation Same finance Same accreditation Same quality control  Erasmus  Bologna  Erasmus Mundus  oEuropean Statute? oEU compensation for net inflow of foreign EU students? P.S. Bologna hijacked by nation states

Maastricht Graduate School of Governance Some observations on funding EU University education is seriously underfunded From ’75-’05 expenditure per student halved Limited compensation via tuition fees or private funding No tradition of philanthropy. In US 0.5 trillion USD. US spend 2.6 times more per student Recall: there is a simple direct relationship between money and performance

Maastricht Graduate School of Governance Finance

Maastricht Graduate School of Governance Europe needs to take its tuition fee phobia to the therapist and start practising tuition fee policies and social loan systems.

Maastricht Graduate School of Governance Governance

Maastricht Graduate School of Governance “Time has come for creating a differentiated world class system of higher education within the context of the European Higher Education and Research Area.” (Manifesto Empower European Universities) Four ingredients: -Autonomy -Diversity -Internationalization -Funding

Maastricht Graduate School of Governance A difficult political process Distance between the informed opinion of experts and the instinctive feelings of society Politics worked alone for decades: now we need involvement of stakeholders The Bologna process fell into the trap of nationalness No political movements, NGOs or pressure groups to advance the notion of bringing education under the wings of the European Union EEU: Bringing stakeholders on board

Maastricht Graduate School of Governance The garden of Europe: Diverse, international, empowered and thoughtfully nourished universities in an open space