OBJECTIVE SKETCHES For approximately the next hour, you will be given a block of instruction on how to complete an Objective Sketch and be expected to produce one during a practical exercise

One of the most important objectives of any reconnaissance element should be to return useful and accurate intelligence to the rear. The team must bear in mind that in the case of a loss of communication or enemy compromise, their sketch may be the only piece of information about that objective that they are able to pass to the rear. This makes the ability of drafting a proper objective sketch an extremely important asset.

TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE Action: Identify how to draft an objective sketch Condition: Given a block of instruction in a classroom environment and a practical exercise Standard: Correctly identify how to draft an objective sketch IAW the following block of instruction

Safety Requirements: None Risk Assessment Level: Low Evaluation: Your ability to draft a proper objective sketch during the FTX may decide whether you recieve a GO or NOGO Previous classes: Various Optech classes Safety; weather dependent, will be given safety briefing. Risk assessment; always low

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE A Action: Identify the types and components of an objective sketch Conditions: Given a block of instruction in a classroom environment Standards: Identify the types of and components of an objective sketch IAW the following block of instructions

OBJECTIVE SKETCH An objective sketch is a drawn reproduction of a target area as seen from a point of view.

PANORAMIC SKETCHES Representation of an area or object, drawn to scale as seen from an observer’s perspective. Useful method of recording detailed information about a specific area or structure.

TOPOGRAPHIC SKETCH A representation of an area drawn to scale as seen from above. Shows reliable distances and azimuths between major features in a large area. Can also be used as an overlay on the range card.

OBJECTIVE SKETCH PAD remarks continued on reverse MILS____ DTG ____________________________ NAME ___________________________ RANK & ORG ____________________ MILS____ GRID SKETCH MADE FROM = _____ deg MAG 1 BLOCK = ______ m remarks continued on reverse TARGET:____________ RANGE: ____________ R. P. ________________ DEFLECTI0N:________ REMARKS:__________

SKETCH MATRIX DATA Marginal information Remarks Sketch Marginal info: information that surrounds the sketch Remarks: found on the left side and continued on the back of the sketch form Sketch: the sketch itself

MARGINAL INFORMATION Target Range Reference point Deflection Grid coordinate Block scale MILS- Lat/Long Magnetic azimuth Sketch number DTG Name Rank & organization SKETCH NAME - Prominent feature of sketch RANGE – To the objective from your site DEFLECTION – GRID COORDINATE - Grid to observer’s location BLOCK SCALE - Helps in dimensions of objects not listed in the remarks. (1=20m) Not applcable in panoramic sketches due to variations in the scale. MILS LAT/LON - MAGNETIC AZIMUTH - Azimuth through center of the object. SKETCH NUMBER - Assists in keeping in order in your logbook for multiple views; ALSO for multiple sketches DTG - Day Time (annotate local or zulu) Month Year NAME - First and last name of observer(s) RANK & ORGANIZATION - PFC/SSG ;ORGANIZATION NOT PUT ON UNTIL IN REAR

REMARKS Terrain Vegetation Structures Tactical value Additional information TERRAIN - describe the overall soil and terrain conditions. VEGETATION - Describe the height, color, thickness of vegetation to include types of trees. STRUCTURES - List building by 3 dimensions, color composition, tactical points, and distance. Also note all other items of importance. TARGET REFERENCE POINTS (TRPs) - 2 TRPs as a minimum. The TRP is a point for a fire mission to be called on. Label TRP on the sketch and give a brief description, distance and direction. REAR REFERENCE POINT (RRP) - the RRP should be a fixed, unmovable object that can be found by friendly forces. The description of the RRP is found in the remarks. But the distance and direction to the observer’s positions on the sketch. POINTS OF INTEREST - On other notable items such as water, marsh, barrels, etc., you will place a letter and describe in the remarks. LEGEND - An explanation of symbols used on the sketch.

SKETCHING Work from the whole to the part. Use common shapes to show common objects. Draw in perspective; use vanishing points. Do not concentrate on the fine details unless used to clarify drawing or of tactical importance. Intro: As with all drawings, artistic skill is an asset. But simple, satisfactory sketches can be produced with enough practice. The following are guidelines to be used when drawing sketches. 2. (i.e. trees, Hedgerows, bushes) 3. (Objects get smaller as the distance increases.)

USE OF COMMON SHAPES Trees Poles Bushes Hedgerows. Completely darken in the area to be shaded. Use a finger to smudge the pencil led to completely darken the area

USE OF STRAIGHT EDGE Dead space Buildings Windows Poles

ROADS AND STRUCTURES Roads: Darken the roads on the sketch. List type and width of road. Structures: Use common shapes for buildings. Note the size and specifics of the structure in the remarks.

Hatching: Used to distinguish wooded and open areas.

1. Mark Sketch Pad with corresponding points 2. Measure between points using available resources 3. Using the mil rule to lay off measurements directly

TERRAIN AND RELIEF Show depressed/elevated areas on the drawing. Note the contour interval in the remarks

DETAIL Add the detail that would be of tactical importance. Metal screens on windows Elevated buildings Power lines Construction of buildings Siding types Building numbers Lighting Gaps or breach points

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE B Action: Identify the use of perspectives Condition: Given a block of instruction in a classroom environment Standard: Correctly identify the use of perspectives IAW the following block of instruction

PERSPECTIVE A method of drawing and painting the illusion of depth onto a flat surface

VANISHING POINTS Lines that are parallel to one another and level with the ground and appear to meet at the same point on the horizon line.

Converge as they recede Appear to meet or vanish at one point (vanishing point) Parallel lines. Lines that actually are parallel on the ground appear to converge as they recede and if produced, appear to meet or vanish at a point called the vanishing point of that system of parallel lines. The correct effects of distance, direction, and slopes that are commonly attributed to the artist’s inspiration are in reality at the command of anyone who will study and apply the following rules: (see following slides)

HORIZONTAL Parallel lines, which on the ground are horizontal, vanish, at a point on the horizon

SLOPING DOWNWARD Parallel lines, which on the ground slope downward away from the observer, vanish at a point below the horizon.

SLOPING UPWARD Parallel lines, which on the ground slope upward away from the observer, vanish at a point above the horizon.

RECEEDING LEFT RIGHT Parallel lines receding to the right vanish to the right; those receding to the left vanish to the left.

SUMMARY

LUNCH