© 2014 VMware Inc. All rights reserved My Slides from VMware vSphere: Optimize and Scale

1-2 © 2014 VMware Inc. All rights reserved VMware vSphere: Optimize and Scale Found at  PrepForVCP-DCV.zip (Prep for VCP)  VCAP-DCA.zip (Prep for VCAP)  vSphere_Perf.zip (Performance Documents) Additional student materials

1-3 © 2014 VMware Inc. All rights reserved VMware vSphere: Optimize and Scale vSphere Management Assistant includes the following commands:  Esxcli (Both)  Resxtop (vMA) esxtop (SSH)  Svmotion (Both)  vicfg- commands (vMA)  esxcfg- commands (deprecated) (Both)  Vifs (vMA)  Vihostupdate (Cannot be used with ESXi 5.0 or later)  Vmkfstools (Both)  vmware-cmd (vMA)  vim-cmd (SSH) vSphere Management Assistant & SSH Commands

1-4 © 2014 VMware Inc. All rights reserved VMware vSphere: Optimize and Scale Use vim-cmd commands from ESI Shell or SSH ESXi Shell & SSH Get a list of VMs on a host vim-cmd vmsvc/getallvms Unregister a VM vim-cmd vmsvc/unregister vmid Delete a VM vim-cmd vmsvc/destroy vmid Determine if a VM has a snapshot vim-cmd vmsvc/get.snapshot vmid Take a snapshot of a VM vim-cmd vmsvc/snapshot.create vmid snapshot_name Remove a snapshot of a VM vim-cmd vmsvc/snapshot.remove vmid Get the current power state of a VM vim-cmd vmsvc/power.getstate vmid Get the uptime for a VM vim-cmd vmsvc/get.summary vmid |grep uptimeSeconds Power on a VM vim-cmd vmsvc/power.on vmid Shutdown a VM vim-cmd vmsvc/power.shutdown vmid Power off a VM esxcli vm process kill –w world_id vim-cmd vmsvc/power.off vmid Reboot a VM vim-cmd vmsvc/power.reboot vmid Reset a VM vim-cmd vmsvc/power.reset vmid Upgrade VMware Tools in a VM vim-cmd vmsvc/tools.upgrade vmid Display the IP address of a VM vim-cmd vmsvc/get.guest vmid |grep -m 1 "ipAddress = \""

1-5 © 2014 VMware Inc. All rights reserved VMware vSphere: Optimize and Scale Use the esxcli command with the network vswitch standard namespace:  esxcli conn_options network vswitch standard cmd_options Examples:  To set the maximum transmission unit size: esxcli –-server esxi02 network vswitch standard set --mtu= vswitch-name=vSwitch5 esxcli network vswitch standard set –m 9000 –v vSwitch5  To set the Cisco Discovery Protocol status: esxcli –-server esxi02 network vswitch standard set --cdp-status=advertise --vswitch-name=vSwitch5 esxcli network vswitch standard set –c advertise –v Switch5 (or –c listen, -c both, -c down) esxcfg-vswitch –B both vSwitch1 Setting Virtual Switch Attributes

1-6 © 2014 VMware Inc. All rights reserved VMware vSphere: Optimize and Scale Use the esxcli command with the network vswitch standard namespace:  esxcli conn_options network vswitch standard cmd_options Examples of using esxcli:  To create a standard switch: esxcli –-server esxi02 network vswitch standard add –-vswitch-name=vSwitch5 SSH: esxcfg-vswitch –a vSwitch5  To list information about a standard switch: esxcli –-server esxi02 network vswitch standard list –-vswitch-name=vSwitch5 SSH: esxcfg-vswitch -l  To delete a standard switch: esxcli –-server esxi02 network vswitch standard remove –-vswitch-name=vSwitch5 SSH: esxcfg-vswitch –d vSwitch5 You can also use the vicfg-vswitch command. See examples in the notes. Listing, Creating, and Deleting Standard Switches

1-7 © 2014 VMware Inc. All rights reserved VMware vSphere: Optimize and Scale Use the esxcli command with the network vswitch standard portgroup namespace:  esxcli conn_options network vswitch standard portgroup cmd_options Examples:  To list port groups on all standard switches: esxcli –-server esxi02 network vswitch standard portgroup list  To add a port group to a standard switch: esxcli –-server esxi02 network vswitch standard portgroup add --portgroup-name=TestDev --vswitch-name=vSwitch5 esxcli network vswitch standard portgroup add –p TestDev –v vSwitch5  To remove a port group from a standard switch: esxcli –-server esxi02 network vswitch standard portgroup remove --portgroup-name=“VM Network” --vswitch-name=vSwitch0 You can also use the vicfg-vswitch command. See examples in the notes. Listing, Adding, and Removing Port Groups

1-8 © 2014 VMware Inc. All rights reserved VMware vSphere: Optimize and Scale Device driver queue depth determines how many commands to a given LUN can be active at one time. Set device driver queue depth size properly to decrease disk latency.  Qlogic adapters depth of queue is 64 (default)  Other brands depth of queue is 32 (default).  Maximum recommended queue depth is 64. Set Disk.SchedNumReqOutstanding to the same value as the queue depth. Device Driver Queue Depth Set LUN queue depth to its maximum: 64. ESXi 5.1 & earlier

1-9 © 2014 VMware Inc. All rights reserved VMware vSphere: Optimize and Scale ESXi 5.5 To check the current value for a device,run the command: esxcli storage core device list -d naa.xxx Note: The value appears under No of outstanding IOs with completing worlds: To modify the current value for a device,run the command esxcli storage core device set -d naa.xxx -O Value Where Value is between 1 and 256 Source: KB Article 1258

1-10 © 2014 VMware Inc. All rights reserved VMware vSphere: Optimize and Scale vscsiStats  -l List running virtual machines and their world IDs (worldGroupID).  -s Start vscsiStats data collection.  -x Stop vscsiStats data collection.  -p* Print histograms, specifying histogram type.  -c Produce results in a comma-delimited list.  -h Display help menu for more information about command-line parameters.  -w Specify worldGroupID * Followed by all, ioLength, seekDistance, outstandingIOs, latency or interarrival (Case sensitive) Running vscsiStats

1-11 © 2014 VMware Inc. All rights reserved VMware vSphere: Optimize and Scale Configure the BIOS: 1.Check for latest BIOS version 2.Enable  H.A.V  Hyperthreading  NUMA  All Sockets  Enable NX/XD 3.Disable unused devices  USB, Serial, Parallel, etc 4.Set power management to OS controlled 5.Consider turning off Dynamic Voltage & Frequency Scaling  Intel SpeedStep or AMD PowerNow VMware Best practices for configuring ESXi hosts

1-12 © 2014 VMware Inc. All rights reserved VMware vSphere: Optimize and Scale VM “A” Boots up. Vmk assigns it memory pages. VM “B” Boots up. Vmk assigns it memory pages. How TPS Works The vmkernel hashes each memory page. If redundant pages are verified, then the vmkernel will map both hosts to the same page Thus freeing up pages and making more memory available Memory pages on an ESXi host

1-13 © 2014 VMware Inc. All rights reserved VMware vSphere: Optimize and Scale Example of ESXi Host with 512 GB of RAM Take the first 4 GB of RAM x 6% = 246 MB Next 4 to 12 GB is 8GB x 4 = 328 MB Next 12 to 28 GB is 16 GB x 2% = 328 MB Any amount above 28 GB x 1% Take 512 – 28 = 484 x 1% = 4842 MB Base Total 5742 MB If free memory is > 64% of base (5742 x 64% = 3098 MB Free) = High If free memory is between 32 & 64% of base then state is Soft If free memory is between 16 & 32% of base then state is Hard If free memory is less than 16% of base then state is Low Example of Calculating MinFreePct

1-14 © 2014 VMware Inc. All rights reserved VMware vSphere: Optimize and Scale VM Overhead Prior to vSphere 5.0 vSphere VM overhead is now swapped to vms vswp