Ch 3 Biopsychology & the Foundations of Neuroscience Study Questions

The Nervous & Endocrine 1. The specialty in psychology that studies the interaction of biology, behavior, and mental processes is: Biopsychology_. 2. At the moment of conception, a male child receives: ___ chromosomes from his mother and ____ from his father. 3.The theory of _____________ argues that organisms adapt over time to their unique environments. 4.Because the human brain is born already programmed for language, we can say that language is a(n) ________ behavioral tendency. 5 .____________________ form the body's two communication systems. X Y Natural Selection innate The Nervous & Endocrine

8. Describe the process of reuptake. Afferent (Sensory) 6. ____________ neurons carry messages to the central nervous system, and ____________ neurons carry messages away from the central nervous system. 7.The ________ is the basic unit or "building block" of the nervous system. 8. Describe the process of reuptake. Neurotransmitters are broken down, intercepted, and drawn back into vesicles while in the synaptic gap then recycled and reused. 9. What holds the neurotransmitters and eventually releases then into the synapse for transmittal to the next neuron? Synaptic Vesicles 10. Individuals who suffer from depression sometimes lack which of the following neurotransmitters? Serotonin Efferent (Motor) Neuron

11.The peripheral nervous system is comprised of what two parts? Somatic and Autonomic 12. Hormones from the ___________ influence female sex characteristics, while hormones from the ___________ influence male sex characteristics. 13. Hormones are chemicals secreted into the bloodstream by what type of structures? glands 14."Fight-or-flight" behavior is associated with part of the peripheral nervous system? Sympathetic division 15. Sleep and dreaming are regulated by the Pons ovaries testes

16. Our ability to breathe is controlled by the ________, which is located within the ________. 17. The fMRI has the capacity both to produce detailed images and to... Distinguish from more active brain cells than less active 18. The case of Phineas Gage showed that trauma to the ___________ could drastically change personality. 19. ________________ refers to the tendency for each hemisphere of the brain to take control of different functions. 20. Spatial orientation appears to be a function of the brain's _____________ , while speech processing is located in ______________. Medulla Brain stem Frontal Lobe Cerebral Dominance Right Hemisphere Left Hemisphere