chemistry

The Mole–Mass Relationship 10.2 The Mole–Mass Relationship Use the molar mass of an element or compound to convert between the mass of a substance and the moles of a substance. Mass (grams) 1 mole mass (grams) = moles Moles mass (grams) 1 mole = mass (grams)

10.5 These aluminum satellite dishes at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory near Soccoro, New Mexico are naturally protected from corrosion by the formation of a thin film of aluminum oxide (Al2O3).

for Sample Problem 10.5 Problem Solving 10.16 Solve Problem 16 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.

10.6 Rust weakens an iron chain.

for Sample Problem 10.6 Problem Solving 10.18 Solve Problem 18 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.

The Mole–Volume Relationship 10.2 The Mole–Volume Relationship Avogadro’s hypothesis states that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of particles. In each container, the volume occupied by the gas molecules is small compared with the container’s volume, so the molecules are not tightly packed. a) The molecules in this container are small. b) This container can accommodate the same number of larger molecules.

The Mole–Volume Relationship 10.2 The Mole–Volume Relationship The volume of a gas varies with temperature and pressure. Because of these variations, the volume of a gas is usually measured at a standard temperature and pressure. Standard temperature and pressure (STP) means a temperature of 0°C and a pressure of 101.3 kPa, or 1 atmosphere (atm).

The Mole–Volume Relationship 10.2 The Mole–Volume Relationship At STP, 1 mol or, 6.02  1023 representative particles, of any gas occupies a volume of 22.4 L. The quantity 22.4 L is called the molar volume of a gas. This box, with a volume of 22.4 L, holds one mole of gas at STP.

The Mole–Volume Relationship 10.2 The Mole–Volume Relationship Calculating Volume at STP moles 22.4 L 1 mole = Liters

10.7

for Sample Problem 10.7 Problem Solving 10.20 Solve Problem 20 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.

The Mole–Volume Relationship 10.2 The Mole–Volume Relationship Calculating Molar Mass from Density Grams 22.4 L grams L 1 mole mole

10.8

for Sample Problem 10.8 Problem Solving 10.22 Solve Problem 22 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.

10.2 The Mole Road Map The map shows the conversion factors needed to convert among volume, mass, and number of particles. Interpreting Diagrams How many conversion factors are needed to convert from the mass of a gas to the volume of a gas at STP?

10.2 The Mole Road Map The map shows the conversion factors needed to convert among volume, mass, and number of particles. Interpreting Diagrams How many conversion factors are needed to convert from the mass of a gas to the volume of a gas at STP?

10.2 The Mole Road Map The map shows the conversion factors needed to convert among volume, mass, and number of particles. Interpreting Diagrams How many conversion factors are needed to convert from the mass of a gas to the volume of a gas at STP?

The Mole Road Map 10.2 The Mole Road Map The map shows the conversion factors needed to convert among volume, mass, and number of particles. Interpreting Diagrams How many conversion factors are needed to convert from the mass of a gas to the volume of a gas at STP?

10.2 Section Quiz. 10.2.

10.2 Section Quiz. 1. Calculate the mass in grams of a sample containing 1.85 x 1034 molecules of water. 3.07 x 1010 g 5.53 x 1011 g 188 g 8.46 x 103 g

10.2 Section Quiz. 2. Calculate the number of moles in a spoonful of table sugar (C12H22O11) having a mass of 10.5 g. 32.6 mol 3.59  103 mol 3.07  10–2 mol 1.85  1022 mol

10.2 Section Quiz. 3. What is the volume of 0.35 mol of oxygen gas at STP? 32 L 64 L 7.8 L 16 L

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