Anguilla British Overseas Territory Population: 13,477 (2006 est.) 102 square km 26 km x 5 km

The Purpose of Warning The goal of public warning is to reduce the damage and loss of life caused by a natural or human caused hazard event. Period!

Components of Warning Not all Notifications are Warnings!!! Not all Notifications are Warnings!!! There are three types of emergency communiqués: There are three types of emergency communiqués: Alert – gets their attention (sirens Radio Interrupt etc. Warning – Tells What is wrong, Where and What to do Notification – Information and ongoing updates

Why do we need ANWS Systems? Because we are all at risk from natural and human caused hazards everyday Call-In First Responders and Emergency Managers Call-In First Responders and Emergency Managers Provide early warning if possible Provide early warning if possible Provide on going public information and direction for recovery Provide on going public information and direction for recovery Add a feeling of security (Mitigate Panic!) Add a feeling of security (Mitigate Panic!) Show accountability to the needs of residents and visitors by acknowledging risk Show accountability to the needs of residents and visitors by acknowledging risk

Hurricane Luis 1995 Before and After Source: UNESCO CSI

Flooding - Hurricane Lenny Source: Enrick Harrigan

Responsibilities of ANWS Systems If you Have IT, you MUST use it!!! You have publicly accepted that the population is at risk You must accept it is NEVER perfect Why neighbor and not me – U dont care! You woke me up – take me out – I dont care! System failures – redundancy is key!

Requires Policy and Protocols for Use Requestors Authorisers Activators Thresholds of risk and associated alert levels Requires consideration for at risk and multi languages Requires Multi-Point and Multi-Media Requires Weekly and Monthly Testing Requires Buy-In from all sectors and the public Needs to be integrated in day to day life Requirements of ANWS Systems

POLICY FOR USE OF THE DISASTER ANGUILLA NATIONAL WARNING SYSTEM (ANWS) POLICY. The purpose of this policy is to establish authority for system administration, control, access, maintenance and use of Disaster Alert, Notification and Warning Systems, hereafter referred to as ANWS. The ANWS should be used to alert households and businesses of imminent or active threats to people and property in their area. In order to earn and preserve the publics trust, confidence and support, the ANWS will only be intrusively used in emergency incidents that may affect public safety. Only those with proper training and authority to use the system will activate the ANWS. DEFINITIONS. A. ACTIVATOR. Pre-Approved personnel, per this document trained to activate the NWS. Activation will be on behalf of an approved REQUESTOR. B. Active Incident. An active incident is one currently impacting the lives, the property or the safety of the public. C. At Risk. Any person(s) or area of a community whose safety could be directly endangered by an emergency situation or incident. D. AUTHORIZER. Pre-Approved personnel, per this document, identified to give permission for an ACTIVATOR to activate the NWS on behalf of a REQUESTOR. For a list of AUTHORIZERS refer to Procedure 1 Section C or Procedure 2 Section

So What Is This CAP & Why? Hormann America, Inc. AlertNET Model 3320 CAP-to-WARNING/ALERT Converter/Encoder T17:24:33-07:00 Test Alert Safety Weekly Test Immediate Unknown Observed T18:54:33-07:00 CapOriginator1 This is a weekly test This is a weekly test only plWARNING/ALERTe disregard In case of emergency, listen to Radio and TV for further instructions ANGUILLA ZONE 1 Geographic coordinates for polygon of area affected lat long

Effective Public Warnings and the Common Alerting Protocol (CAP) Standards for Public Warning – Mexico City, 2006

Save lives Reduce losses Alleviate fear The measure of a warning is the change in action and attitude that results. Goals of Public Warning

Reach everyone at risk, wherever, whenever, doing whatever Dont raise irrelevant alarms Easy to use Reliable and secure Deliver effective warning messages Effective Warning Systems

Accurate and specific Action oriented Understandable in terms of: Languages and special needs Prior knowledge and experience Timeframe and instructions Effective Warning Messages

Most people will not act on the first warning message they receive Instead, they become vigilant and search for corroboration Only when persuaded its not a false alarm will people transform information into action Corroboration

Effective Disaster Warnings study published CAP Working Group and Partnership for Public Warning form; CAP draft specification and prototype field trials 2003/4 - OASIS Emergency Management Technical Committee CAP 1.0 adopted, international implementations begin CAP Timeline

Multiple systems Multiple purposes Multiple operators Historically...

Single originator must activate each system individually Todays reality...

One activation triggers multiple systems Consistent, complete messages Inputs from varied technologies – EMS Systems, Gauges, Posting Tools Using CAP...

Basic information about this message: Date/Time Sender Message Type & Status Distribution Scope The Alert Block

Specifics of an event or a threat: Category and description Urgency / Severity / Certainty Timeframes Recommended action Supplemental information The Info Block

Traditional one- dimensional model of priority is expanded into a 3D model that expresses: Urgency (time) Severity (impact) Certainty (probability) Urgency Severity Threat or Event x x x Certainty The U/S/C Model

In the U/S/C model Urgency Immediate Responsive action should be taken immediately Expected Action within next hour Future Action in near future (typically 6-24 hours) Past Past, no preparatory action required Unknown Not known Describes the time available to prepare:

In the U/S/C model Severity Extreme Extraordinary or large-scale threat to life and property Severe Significant threat to life and property Moderate Potential threat to life and property Minor Limited threat to live and property Unknown Not known Describes the intensity of impact (if it occurs):

In the U/S/C model Certainty Observed Definitely occurred or occurring Likely Likely, although not certain (p>50%) Possible Possible but not likely (p<50%) Unlikely Not expected to occur (p<5%) Unknown Not known Describes the issuers confidence that the event will occur or has occurred:

The Area Block Geospatial description may be based on administrative, predicted or observed scope of effects More precise targeting means fewer irrelevant warnings (cry wolf)

CAP Implementation in Anguilla Phase One included piloting then installing RDS FM Radio receivers and defining the larger system plan. Phase Two involved installing and integrating the Common Alerting Protocol (CAP) network backbone, a web based activation interface, Radio Broadcast interruption, text to voice broadcast, and computer popups, etc. for Government Internal. Phase Three will include a public alert registration server that will address non English speaking populations and allow the public to register for all island alert and zoned (targeted) alerts.

LevelDescription Actual 0no threat (news, it, tourism, info, etc) Actual 1 local contained, not expected to grow, info, reporting Actual 2 A risk to people who are special needs Actual 3Risk to life and health Levels of Alert

Levels and Expected Actions HazmatActual 3Noyeslevel 3 behaviour7yesALL GROUPS HurricaneActual 3Noyeslevel 3 behaviour7yesALL GROUPS TSUNAMIActual 3 yes level 3 behaviour7yesALL GROUPS Missing Person - police Actual 3Noyeslevel 3 behaviour7yesALL GROUPS

ANWS Interface to CapCon

BamBox Pop Up Department of Disaster Management Anguilla has entered the 24 hour cone for Hurricane Sam HURRICANE WARNING Anguilla is being affected by tropical storm force winds. Please go to the nearest shelter, quickly and bring your shelter kit. Do not bring alcohol or pets.

FM Interrupt Breaks into primary radio broadcast station Flashes strobe for 10 seconds (DDM defined) Broadcasts the emergency message live, text to speech or as a wav file. Existing broadcast infrastructure Easy to re establish following a hurricane Can be mobile based enhancing redundancy and recovery

Other CAP Applications

Phase 3 Programme Goals Complete Legislative Requirements Support the UNESCO & CDERA Tsunami Warning Initiatives Interface with PDC/UWI auto-notification via CAP Continue to evaluate and add CAP Client applications Offer best practices to partner countries Extend CAP Network through UKOTs and other partner countries

Stakeholders Country Stakeholders in all of these activities proposed to include: UKOTs of Anguilla, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Montserrat, Turks and Cacaos NAOTs of Bonaire, Curacao, St Maarten, Saba, St Eustatia

Regional CAP Network

Redundant Activation Capability

System went Live in Feb 2008 Phase 3 begins February 2009 (pending funding) Feel Free to contact us about the CAP Network Concept Thank you! Government of Anguilla