Fred McLaughlin, Standing Rock Telecommunications General Manager Albert Kangas, New Core General Manager & COO Eric Grey Cloud, Economic Development Administration Director Launching LTE: The Good, Bad and Ugly

Standing Rock Telecommunications

About Us  Standing Rock Sioux Tribe (SRST)  Sioux County, ND / Corson County, SD  Standing Rock Telecommunications Inc., (SRTI) created in  Primary objective: To provide telecommunications services to all peoples within the boundaries of the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe.  100% owned and operated by SRST.  Achieved Eligible Telecommunications Carrier (ETC) status in Oct, 2010.

Early development ( ) Mark White Bull (SRST Tribal Member) & Turtle Island Communications (TICOM) Construction of 16 cellular towers throughout Standing Rock Sioux Reservation CDMA 1900 Mhz Network. Development

Tower Sites

Servicing Standing Rock  SRTI starts offering telecommunications services to customers in early 2010 to present day.  1,200 customer base  65% cellular, 35% home internet services.  Staff of 7 workers, consisting of 2 technicians, 3 sales staff, and 2 administrative.

Adversities in Operating  SRTI does experience modern difficulties in operating on occasion. These vary from end-user comprehension of technologies to data roaming charges to staffing issues.  Evolution of modern telecommunications technologies.  Predatory vendors  Competing with Nationwide providers.  Maintaining infrastructures (towers/switches/links)

Working within SRST  THPO  Tribal Business Code  Tribal Programs utilizing SRTI services.  Microwave Project

FCC Tribal Mobility Fund  MOBILITY FUND  The Mobility Fund is the wireless component of the Connect America Fund. It provides support for the expansion of mobile broadband networks in areas that might otherwise not be served. The Mobility Fund consists of two phases.  Phase I provides immediate one-time support to accelerate the deployment of mobile broadband and voice service to unserved areas. A nationwide reverse auction held in September 2012 awarded $300 million of Phase I funds to over 30 service providers. A separate auction, called the Tribal Mobility Auction, will award up to $50 million to providers that serve Tribal lands.  Phase II provides ongoing support to deploy and maintain mobile broadband and voice service in high-cost areas. Up to $500 million will be available every year; however, the FCC is studying the exact amount to be allocated for services on Tribal lands in future years -  Coverage Based on Road Miles.  Letters of Credit to guarantee build out.  Completed Phase 1 of the project, awaiting approval from USAC to start the build out on Phase 2.

Mobility Fund changes to SRTI  CDMA to GSM  Allows SRTI to acquire cheaper handsets for end-users.  1x to 3G/LTE  Faster mobile data and allows customers to roam off our network.  Home internet service range and connectivity allows for steadier services.  Partnership with New Core  Gives us support with connectivity/roaming/ cellular device issues we come across.

Mhz - HSPA 3G Coverage

Band Mhz LTE Coverage

14 LTE The Good, The Bad The Future

NewCore Wireless Founded in 2008 on the principle of providing rural carriers the ability to offer wireless services economically through a shared switching platform while providing value added Tier 1 services. Building Tomorrow’s Wireless Network Today

NewCore Wireless is owned mainly by independent phone companies RAN Network – over 300 hosted sites Experienced senior management  Cellular 2000 Network – sites, 40,000 subs  Sprint Affiliate Network – sites, 160,000 subs History of NewCore Wireless 16

17 Value Adds Customer Management & Provisioning One solution and interface Customer Management & Provisioning One solution and interface Project Management Experienced support team for managing initial implementation & ongoing operations Project Management Experienced support team for managing initial implementation & ongoing operations SS7 Messaging/Diame ter Routing Eliminate service provider costs SS7 Messaging/Diame ter Routing Eliminate service provider costs NOC Services Improve network performance with additional network monitoring NOC Services Improve network performance with additional network monitoring Performance reporting & network management Access to customized reports & base station network tools Performance reporting & network management Access to customized reports & base station network tools Call Detail Record Management Billing system receives standard CSV file with voice/data call records Call Detail Record Management Billing system receives standard CSV file with voice/data call records User Community Knowledge Knowledge sharing among 20+ partners User Community Knowledge Knowledge sharing among 20+ partners

18 NewCore Wireless’ Role in the Project ① Provide a hosted Ericsson LTE solution to small and medium sized operators ② Aggregate the networks of numerous carriers to add scale to all of the partners “ONE TO MANY” ③ Due to operational and capital cost of a commercial mobile network, networks less than 300 sites usually cannot support a stand alone core ④ Partners own their own sites and customers ⑤ Integration with Tier 1 and other regional carriers for LTE roaming adds new revenue to our partners ⑥ Offer a complete toolbox for our partners to operate their business

NewCore Wireless’ Current Partners and Their Spectrum 19

20 What Is LTE? ① Long Term Evolution ② Global standard for wireless data ③ Every major carrier has launched ④ Tier 1 Carriers are moving to LTE only ① T-Mobile has a significant base of VoLTE deployed ② AT&T is slowly rolling out with Verizon and Sprint later ⑤ Initially a data only solution ⑥ Long term will handle HD voice and SMS ⑦ Supported across all licensed spectrum in the mobile space ⑧ Designed for handsets, data sticks and fixed data modems

21 How Can LTE Be Used? Meet the needs of your community ① Fixed Broadband ② Mobility (traditional cellular) ③ Voice ④ SMS ⑤ Mobile Broadband ⑥ Public Safety ⑦ Machine to Machine

22 Lessons Learned ① Spectrum is key - lots of it ② Streaming video impact ③ Mobility roaming ④ Devices ⑤ Operational Costs ⑥ Minimize CapEx ⑦ RF design

23 Business Model 101 ① Own your towers if possible ② High quality Backhaul is needed, 100 Mbps per tower ③ Roaming costs need to be controlled ④ Plan on $300 for each device ⑤ Plan for upgrades: 15% of revenue for Capex ⑥ Market to your community, Tier 1’s are your competition ⑦ Partner with others, strength in numbers ⑧ Get buy in from your entire team ⑨ Each site should produce at least $4,000 revenue per month

24 Network Calculations ① Three sectored LTE site operating 5 MHz x 5 MHz carrier ① Each sector has approximately 25 Mbps of bandwidth ② 30 fixed broadband users per sector can be supported ③ 200 mobile broadband users per sector can be supported ② Three sectored LTE site operating 10 MHz x 10 MHz carrier ① Each sector has approximately 40 Mbps of bandwidth ② 60 fixed broadband users per sector can be supported ③ 400 mobile broadband users per sector can be supported

25 Opportunities for service to “things” not just people ① Agriculture ② Oil and Gas ③ Education ④ Construction ⑤ Forestry ⑥ Public Safety ⑦ Residential

26 What Can You Manage? Agriculture

27 What Can You Manage? People And Assets

28 What Can You Manage? Transportation

Thank You. M E T Albert Kangas General Manager C Your Path To LTE Success with NewCore Wireless

Where we are going  New branding of our services  Website  90% Tribal utilization of our services.  Expansion of broadband services to boarder towns to our network.  Participation in the FirstNet initiative.  Expanded partnership with tier 1 carriers (Verizon, AT&T, Sprint)  Acquiring Apple Certification

In Memorandum Mark White Bull Oct. 23, 2007