The Attributive Clause 定语从句全面复习讲解与练习

定语从句复习 The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句 The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句的构成 The old lady who lives next to us sells books. You should do all that I said. I have found the teather whom I am looking for. I visited the factory where my father works. 关系代词 关系副词 先行词 之后, 用陈述式语序 “…. 的 ” 关系词 1. 从句位置及语序 : 2. 翻译方法 : 3. 构成

先行词和关系词的关系 1.A plane is a machine that can fly. 2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom. 3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather. 4.The school where I study is far from my home. the machine = that the boy =who the boy ’ s =whose in the school = where 关系代词实际上是先行词的复指 关系词 whose 实际上是先行词的所有格 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词

Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. 先行词和关系词的关系

Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly. 关系代词的实质 the machine a machine

Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly. 关系代词的实质 a machine that /which

关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences: The lady is Green. We saw her yesterday. her The lady we saw yesterday is Green Who/that

指人指物主语宾语 that which who whom 关系代词的用法 √√ √√ √ √ √ √√√ √√ × × × × 关系代词在从句中可以： 何时可以省略？ 做宾语时可以省略

 三、关系代词 主语 宾语介宾 定语 人 Who That Who Whom That WhomWhose 物 That which That which Whose =Of which

关系代词的用法练习 1.The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday. 2.The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night. 3.He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parent’s farm. 4.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them. 5.I don’t like the people. They smoke a lot. The eggs (that/which) I bought them were not fresh. The friend who/ that he came to supper last night was not hungry. He prefers the cheese that / which it comes from his parent’s farm. The noodles( which/ that )you cooked them were delicious. I don’t like the people that / who they smoke a lot.

关系副词和先行词的关系 I still remember the day when I came here. This is the house where I lived last year. There are many reasons why people like traveling. I don’t like the way that you speak. on the day =when in the house= where for the reasons =why in the way =that 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词

whose 在定语从句中作定语，表示引 导词与 whose 后的名词为所属关系。 whose 多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of which 互换使用。 This is the book whose cover is blue. This is the book of which the cover is blue. This is the book the cover of which is blue.

The boss of the company, whose name was Mr Little, told the story about Ms King. The boss of the company told the story about Ms King. His name was Mr Little. His The boss in whose department Mr King worked had heard about the accident. The boss had heard about the accident. Mr King worked in his department. his

难用的 whose The teacher praised the student. His English is the best in our class. The teacher praised the student whose English is the best in our class. Join the following pair of sentences. whose =the student ’ s 关系词 whose 实际上是先行词的所有格

难用的 whose The house is mine. The window of the house is broken. Join the following pair of sentences. The house whose window is broken is mine. whose=the house ’ s window The house is mine. the window of which is broken of which the window is broken

whose 引导的定语从句。 表示所属关系。 The river _________ banks are covered with trees flows ti the sea. whose There are in this class 20 students, ______ are different. A.whose backgrounds B.the backgrounds of whom C.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose

非限制性定语从句 The town where I live is beautiful. Kenli, where I live, is beautiful. Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students. Please compare: 形式作用能否省略翻译 限制性定 语从句 非限制性 定语从句 插入成分 修饰限定 补充解释 不能 能 ….的….的

Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students. 分析两种定语从句省略后的结果

The town where I live is beautiful. Kenli, where I live, is beautiful. 分析两种定语从句省略后的结果 限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确， 所以不能省略

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句： 限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺 少的定语， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完 整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分 密切， 写时不用逗号分开。 非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切， 只是对先行词作些附加说明， 如果去掉， 主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句， 写时往 往逗号分开。

The watch that I bought yesterday works well. Shakespeare, whose plays are very popular, was a great writer. His son who is a doctor is now visiting the USA. His son, who is a doctor, is now visiting the USA. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句：

非限制性定语从句和单句的比较 2.He failed in the exam._______ made his parents angry. 3.He failed in the exam, _______made his parents angry. 4.He has two sons. Both of ________ are teachers. 5.He has two sons, both of ________ are teachers. This which whom them × that 1.I am reading Harry Porter, _____is an interesting book. which

as 引导的非限制性定语从句 The earth is round._____ is known to all. The earth is round,_____ is known to all. _____ is known to all, the earth is round ______ is known to all that the earth is round. It which / as As It as 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如： as you know/ as you see/as we planned/ as we expected 定语从句在句首时只能用 as,

as 与 which 的区别  1. 固定句型：  The same …..as ; such …. as  I shall do it in the same way as you did.  I want to buy such a book as you have.  2. 说明整个句子，可放在主句前  As we all know=As is known to all, he studies hard.  As is said above, …..  As is often the case, ….  As is reported in the newspaper, …..

 He is often late, which / as is not surprising.  He failed in the exam, which made his mother very angry.  His dog died, which made him very sad.

as 引导的非限制性定语从句 (1) This is the same pen as I lost. This is the same pen that I lost. Please compare: 这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。 这本书就是我丢的那本。

as 引导的限制性定语从句 (2) This is such an interesting book ____ we all like. This is so interesting a book _____ we all like. This is such an interesting book ____we all like it. This is so interesting a book ____we all like it. as that Please complete the following sentences and compare: as that 这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。 ( 定语从句 ) 这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。 ( 结果状语从句 )

介词 + 关系代词的情况 1 The man whom you spoke was a scientist. The city which she lives is far away. to in

介词 + 关系代词的情况 2 The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist. The city that/which she lives is far away. to in Are these two sentences right?

介词 + 关系代词的情况 The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist. The city that/which she lives is far away. to in × × Are these two sentences right? 可见,who 、 that 不能用与介词之后

介词 + 关系代词的情况 3 Is this the watch that you are looking for? The old man whom I am looking after is better. 在固定短语中介词不能提前 下面两句中的介词能提前吗 ?

注意：如何判断介词 The girl _____ which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him. He is the man _____ whom I think you can depend. 1 、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配 for on

2 、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配 He referred me to some reference books ______ which I am not very familiar. Dolphins might be trained to cooperate with fishermen and help them by finding or even catching fish, ______ all of which activities dolphins are expert. with in

3 、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词 搭配 The rate ______ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased. This is our classroom,_______________ which there is a teacher’s desk. at in the front of

The committee consists of 20 members,5 of _______ are women. The book contains 50 poems, most of ________ was written in 1930s. There are two left, one of _______ is almost finished,and the other of _______ is not quite. I have a sentence, the meaning of _______ I don’t understand. whom which 名词 / 代词 / 数词 + of +which/whom

特殊情况  I don ’ t like the way ____________he speaks to me.  This is the first time_____________I have been here. that / 省

 1. Do you like the book she spent $10?  2. Do you like the book she paid $10?  3. Do you like the book she learned a lot?  4. Do you like the book she often talks?  5. He built a telescope he could study the skies. 介词 + 关系代词的情况 练习 on which for which from which about which through which

 6. There is a tall tree outside, stands our teacher.  7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _______  is the Yellow River.  8. The tower _______ people can have a good view  is on the hill.  9. The man ________ I spoke on the phone last night  is very good at wrestling.  10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows,  most ______ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. under which of which from which to whom of which

关系代词 that 和 which 在很多情况下可以互换， 但下列情况只用 that 。 All ______ can be done has been done. Do you have anything ________ you don’t understand ? There is little _______ can be believed about it. The book doesn’t say much ________ amuses children. that 1. 先行词是 all,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none 等不定代词，引导定语从句用 that 。

I’ve read all the books ________ you lent me. No sample ________ we nave received is satisfactory. Please send us any information ________ you have about the subject. He is the only person _________ was present at the time. that 2. 先行词被 any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,o nly,last 修饰时，引导定语从句用 that 。

Hamburg is the most beautiful city _______I’ve ever seen. This is the best TV _______ is made in China. The first museum _______ he visited in China was the History Museum. that 3. 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时， 引导定语从句用 that 。 This is the first/second/last book (that) he has read.

The famous writer and his works _________ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students. A victim is a person,animal or thing ________ suffers pain,death,harm,etc. that 4. 先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语 从句用 that.

5. 关系代词在从句中作表语，或先行 词指物且在主句中作表语. My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be. He didn’t become the kind of person that his father wanted him to be. It is a song that is very popular. It ‘s a book that will help you a lot.

Who _______ you have ever seen can do it better ? Who _______ you are talking to is the young fellow ? that 6.Who 做先行词时，引导定语从句用 that 。 Well done !

 不管先行词是人还是物, 只用 that 的两种情况 : Which is the subject (that) you are going to learn next term? Who is the man that came to see you just now? 2. 关系代词在从句中作表语时： He is no longer the man (that) he used to be. 1. 由 which 和 who 开头的问句中避免重复

三、不用 that ，而用 which ， who ， whom 的情况 He made the same mistakes again,_____ made his parents very angry. Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_______ cost me more than 100 yuan. Mr Smith,_______ gave a talk several months ago,will come again. My uncle has come back from abroad,________ I haven’t met for along time. which who whom 在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用 which ， 指人用 who 或 whom 。

Her bag,in ________ she put all her money,has been stolen. This is the ring on ________ she spent 1000 dollars. Xiao Wang,with ________ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much. which 在介词后面，指事物用 which ，指人用 whom 。

 在下列情况指人只能用 who 而不用 that  One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.  The ones who are often late should be punished  Don’t tell anyone about the news who oughtn’t to know it.  Anyone who fails to finish the task given should be criticized.  Anyone who breaks the law is punished.  1. 先行词是 one / ones / anyone 时要用 who

 Those who break the law are punished.  Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.  He who has not been to the Great Wall is not a true man.  He who laughs last laughs best.  He who breaks the law is punished.  2. 先行词为 those, he 时用 “ who ” 而 不用 “that”.

在非限制性定语从句中 只能用 which 做关系代词的情况 在介词后面

下列情况只能用 which  His dog, which was very old now, became ill and died.  Which is the car, the owner of which you know?  1. 非限定性的定语从句  2. 介词后面

关系副词 when,where,why 的用法  I ’ ll never forget the day when I joined the army.  I ’ ll never forget the factory where my father worked.  Tell me the reason why you came late. =on which =in which =for which

Where 引导的定语从句。 先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽 象名词，用引导定语从句。从句做状语。 This is the town where (= in which ) I spent my childhood. The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one. I’ll show you the paint where you failed.

When 引导的定语从句。 先行词是表示时间的名词，用 when 引导定 语从句。从句作状语。 I’ll never forget the day when (= on which ) I met you. This was the time when ( =at which ) he left for Bijing. We will put off the outing until next week, when we won’t be busy.

why 引导的定语从句。 先行词是表示原因的名词，用引导定语从句。从句 作状语。 This is the reason why ( = for which ) I didn’t come here. The reason __________ she gave was not true. which\that

注意 1 若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用 which 或 that 引导定语从句。 The library ________ students often study was on fire last night. The library, _______ was built in the 1930s,needs repairing. The library ________ you visited yesterday was built in where which

注意 若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用 which 或 that 引导定语从句。 I’ll never forget the day _________ we first met in the park. I’ll never forget the time _________ I sent on campus. I’ll never forget the time __________ was spent with you. when which\that

1.I’ll never forget the days______________ we worked together. 2.I’ll never forget the days ___________ we spent together. 3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _____________ I visited ten years ago. 5.This is the reason _____________________ he was late. 6.This is the reason _____________________ he gave. when /in which which where/ in which which why/ for which that/which 难点解析：几种易混的情况 及物动词

 This is the day________________I met him.  This is the day______________I will never forget.  This is the day______________we spent together.  This is the place_______________I lived last year.  This is the place ______________ I was born.  This is the place______________I visited last year. when / on which ( that / which) where / in which (that / which)

 The reason_______________ he gave me is not reasonable.  The reason_______________ he is late is reasonable. (that / which) why / for which

难点解析：易混情况之含有定语 从句的疑问句  Is this house __________ you lived in last year? A.where B.that C which D.the one  Is this the house_________you lived in last year? A.where B.that C.in which D.the one D B

注意 2 区分 where 引导的定语从句和状 语从句 Where 前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是 定语从句，否则是状语从句。 When you read books,you had better make a mark at the spot where you have any questions. When you read books, you had better make a mark where you have any questions.

区别于其它从句  Make a mark where you have any questions.  Make a mark at the place where you have any questions.  Put the note where it can easily be found.  Put the note at the place where it can easily be found.  This is where I was born.( 表语从句 )  This is the place where I was born.

1.He did all / everything _______he could to help me. 2.This is the very thing _______ I am after. 3.We talked about the men and the things _______ we remembered at school. 4.He is the only man _______ can do the work. 5.This is the first thing _______ I want to say. 6.He is the finest man _______ I have ever worked with. 7.Who is the man _______ spoke to you at the gate. 8.Which is the star _______ is nearest to the earth. Exercises that, which or who? that

that, which,whose, whom or who? 9.Is there anything else _______ you want to say? 10.Any person _______ has the money can join the group. 11.He often speaks the role he played in the play, _______ made others upset. 12.He opened the door, in front of _______ sat a boy. 13.The man to _______ I spoke is a famous scientist. 14.The boy _______ mother is dead was brought up by his father. that which whom whose

 This is the teacher _____________ teaches us maths.  She is the girl ________________ I met at the party.  The money _____________ is in the wallet is mine.  The money ___________ my mother gave me yesterday has been stolen.  This is the house ___________ my sister lives in. that / which (that / which) (who/whom/that) who/that

 用 “ 介词 + 关系代词 ” 填空  1.This is the room______ _____they once lived.  2.I ’ ll never forget the day______ ______ I joined the army.  3.This is the reason______ ______ I failed.  4.The pencil_______ ______he wrote was broken.  5.She has three children, all_____ _____ are at school. in which on which for which with which of whom

 6.China has a lot of famous writers, one______ ______is Lu Xun.  7.He has lost the key to the box ______ ______the papers are kept.  8.My glasses,_________ ________I was like blind man, fell to the ground and broke.  9.The age______ ______children can go to school is seven.  10.His bike_____ ______ he went to work was stolen last night. of whom in which without which at which on which

四、关系代词与介词  1.This is the factory____________I once worked.  2.The house_____________he spent 100,000 yuan is very beautiful.  3.The house_____________he paid 100,000 yuan is very beautiful.  4.This is the hero__________we are proud.  5.I can ’ t find the very pen____________I wrote that letter. in which on which for which of whom with which

 6.I don ’ t know the student ____________ Tom quarreled yesterday.  7.I don ’ t know the thing ___________Tom and Mary quarreled yesterday.  8.This is the hotel ___________ you will stay. with whom about which in which 9.She is the girl ____________ I went there. 10.This is the house _________ my sister lives with whom in which

I will never forget the day _____ I first went to school. I will never forget the day __________ we spent in Beijing. The house __________ we visited is being repaired now. The house ______ Luxun once lived is being repaired now. when (which/that) where 关系代词和关系副词的选择

Is this the factory ___________ we visited last week? Is this factory ____________ we visited last week? Is this the factory ______ his father works? (that/which ) the one (that) where

The reason ______________he was late was that his mother was ill. The reason _______________he gave for his being late was that his mother was ill. ( that/which ) why

 介词加关系代词的基本用法 The man __________ you shook hands just now is our headmaster. The room __________ my family live used to be a garage. Did you find the pen _________ I wrote just now? Did you find the paper ________ I wrote my letter? Did you find the composition ___________ I wrote just now? with whom in which with which on which (which/that)

I will never forget the day. I first went to school on the day. I will never forget the day _____ I first went to school. I will never forget the day ________ I first went to school. ( 比较 ) I will never forget the year ____________ I first went to school. when on which when/in which

Last week we visited the factory. My brother works in it. Last week we visited the factory ______ my brother works. Last week we visited the factory ___________ my brother works in. Last week we visited the factory ________ my brother works. where (which/that) in which

He didn’t come for the reason. The reason was not clear. The reason _____ he didn’t come was not clear. The reason _________ he didn’t come was not clear. why for which

Exercises:  1.All_________ is useful to us is good.  A.which B.what C.that D.whether  2.Is this factory_______the foreign visitors visited last week?  A.where B.that C.which D.the one  3.She will never forget the days______she spent in Beijing.  A.when B.what C.which D.why C D C

 4.This is the school________my father worked thirty years ago.  A.that B.when C.which D.where  5.The text is one of the most interesting stories______learned in the past three years.  A.that have B.that have been  C.which has D.which has been  6.The college won ’ t take on anyone______eyesight is weak.  A.who B.whose C.of whom D.which D B B

 7.Let me think of proper situation______this sentence can be used.  A.where B.that C.which D.of which  8.The man_________you are talking is in the next room.  A.to whom B.about whom  C.who D.whom  9.This is the factory______he used to work at, many workers of______still have a good relationship with him.  A.that; it B.which; whom  C.that; which D.which; that A B C

 10.Here is the bicycle_______in the shop.  A.that you saw it B.that saw it  C.you saw D.you saw it  11.Those_______to take part in the game write down your names, please.  A.who B.who want  C.that wants D want  12.I, ______your good friend, will try my best to help you out.  A.who is B.what is  C.what am D.who am C B D

 13.His walking-sick,_______he can ’ t walk, was lost yesterday.  A.that B.with which  C.which D.without which  14.There are three libraries in our school,_____were built five years ago.  A.all of them B.either of them  C.all of which D.both of that  15.The reason_______he can ’ t come is that he has to work late.  A.because B.that C.why D.for D C C

 16.He is not the man_______he used to be.  A.what B.that C.which D.as  17.This is the only thing______I can do now.  A.what B.which C.that D.all  18.I don ’ t like the way_____he spoke to me.  A.by that B.what C.by which D./ B C D

 19.They have decided to finish the work in time,_____, I think, is a wise choice.  A.that B.what C.which D.whether  20.The family______I stayed with in New York are coming to Beijing.  A.which B.whom C.what D.whose C B

 This is the girl.  The girl ’ s wallet is lost.  This is the girl whose wallet is lost.  Give me the book.  The book ’ s cover is red.  =The cover of the book is red.  Give me the book whose cover is red.  Give me the book, the cover of which is red.  =Give me the book, of which the cover is red.

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