UKOLN is supported by: Exploiting the Potential of Blogs and Social Networks Brian Kelly UKOLN University of Bath Bath, UK This work is licensed under a Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 licence (but note caveat) Resources bookmarked using ‘ museum-heritage-show-2008 ' tag by-nc-sa Acceptable Use Policy Recording/broadcasting of this talk, taking photographs, discussing the content using , instant messaging, blogs, SMS, etc. is permitted providing distractions to others is minimised. Acceptable Use Policy Recording/broadcasting of this talk, taking photographs, discussing the content using , instant messaging, blogs, SMS, etc. is permitted providing distractions to others is minimised.

2 Contents Introduction About MeAbout the Talk About You What’s It All About? Overview Example of Museum Blogs We Should Be Doing This! Reasons For Having a BlogPolicies & QA Technical InfrastructureSharing Best Practices Where Do Social Networks Fit In? What are Social Networks? Using Social Networks Conclusions What Next? Questions Introduction

3 About Me Brian Kelly: UK Web Focus: a national advisory post Long-standing Web evangelist (since Jan 1993) Based at UKOLN, University of Bath, with remit to advise HE/FE and cultural heritage sectors Interests include Web 2.0, standards, accessibility and overcoming institutional inertia Blogger since November 2006 Awarded the IWR Information Professional of the Year in December 2007 Facilitated half day workshops on Using Blogs Effectively Within Your Organisation at Museum & Web 2008 and Using Blogs Effectively Within Your Library at ILI 2007 conferences Introduction

4 About The Talk By the end of the talk you should: Be aware of key blogging concepts and tool Have learnt about ways in which blogs can be used within a museum environment Have identified potential barriers to the deployment of blogs within an institution Have heard about and discussed strategies for overcoming barriers Have learnt about tools and techniques for measuring a blog’s impact and success. Have heard about and discussed best practices for developing a sustainable blogging service Have had the opportunity to make plans for launching or enhancing your blog service Introduction And have a set of materials & resources which you can use for in-house training purposes

5 About You In brief: Do you have a work-related blog? Do you have a social blog? Do you use social networks (e.g. Facebook, MySpace, …) for work-related purposes or for social purposes? Is your organisation intending to set up a blog? What you hope to gain from this talk? Introduction

6 Key Blog Concepts (1 of 5) What Is A Blog? A blog (a portmanteau of web log) is a website where entries are written in chronological order and commonly displayed in reverse chronological order. Blogs provide commentary or news on a particular subject such as food, politics, or local news; some function as more personal online diaries. A typical blog combines text, images, and links to other blogs, web pages, and other media related to its topic. The ability for readers to leave comments in an interactive format is an important part of many blogs. Blog Concepts Wikipedia definition Note that blog software can be used for other purposes (including building conventional Web sites). We will focus on conventional understanding of a blog. See also handout

7 Key Blog Concepts (2 of 5) Providing a Blog Blogs can be provided by: Installing software locally (open source or licensed) Using an externally hosted service (Blogger.com and Wordpress.com are popular) Using existing systems (e.g. a VLE, a CMS, etc.) which has blog functionality provided Using social networking services (e.g. Facebook, MySpace) which providing blogging or similar functionality Blogging

8 Key Blog Concepts (3 of 5) Reading Blogs Blog readers can: Visit a blog site (conventional approach) Use an RSS reader, which can be web-based (e.g. Bloglines, Google Reader, etc.) or a desktop RSS reader (e.g. Blogbridge) Via a blog aggregator – view posts from lots of blogs Use a mobile device (e.g. PDA, mobile phone, etc.) Have blog posts delivered using Blog Concepts

9 Key Blog Concepts (4 of 5) Finding Blogs I find blog posts (including links to my posts) using: Technorati Google blogger web comments Blog directories Referrer links to my blog … Technorati is to the blogosphere what Google is to Web space

10 Key Blog Concepts (5 of 5) Since last year we now have ‘micro-blogs’: Form of blogging that allows users to write brief text updates (usually < 200 characters) and publish them, either to be viewed by anyone or by a restricted group which can be chosen by the user. These messages can be submitted by a variety of means, including IM, SMS, or the Web Micro-blogging helps to focus on the question: is a blog a publishing or a communications tool? Twhirl Twitter app used at MW 2008

11 Museum Blogs Typically “the museum Web site” is: “official” formal marketing-driven and branded impersonal Whereas typically, “the blog” is: “un-official” informal away from brand pressures personal Museum Blogs Acknowledgment to Mike Ellis, Eduserv Note see MuseumBlogs.org for a directory of over 270 museum blogs, an aggregation of 90,000+ posts and a search across the blogs

12 Why Have A Blog? Reasons individuals & organisations have blogs: We want to communicate We have something to say Reasons museums might use blogs: Blogs are great at the niche or long tail Museums are great at the niche or long tail... There is a compelling mystique about museums:  “why do they collect that and not this?”  “what made them choose that exhibition?”  “why is this particular object special?”  “how do they make their money?” Museums want to connect with audiences … … and blogs allow you to communicate with your most loyal and enthusiastic visitors Museum Blogs Acknowledgment to Mike Ellis, Eduserv

13 What Makes A Good Blog? Want to be a successful blogger? Blog with passion and because you want to! Have a personality, a defined tone of voice Find a niche (or at least well-defined) area of interest Build your community: two-way engagement Create well written, intelligent posts Don’t just regurgitate, but find a new angle (be a thinker not a linker) Link a lot, and read the links you link to Museum Blogs Like all simple rules, these can be broken – but may be a useful guide for your planning Acknowledgment to Mike Ellis, Eduserv

14 Brooklyn Museum Brooklyn Museum blog: Engages with its audiences Reflects museum’s mission Part of wider use of Web 2.0 services (Flickr, …) Examples of Museum Blogs Papers about approaches published at MW 2007 and MW 2008 conferences

15 fresh and new(er) – Seb Chan / Powerhouse fresh + new(er): Technology focussed A way of showcasing and “launching” A “sounding board” for discussion Strikes a good balance between institutional and personal Examples of Museum Blogs Thanks to Mike Ellis

16 English Cut English Cut blog: Not a museum blog! It’s about a tailor! It’s “behind the scenes” – all the things you wanted to know but never asked Personal, engaging, different Has caused considerable stir, not to mention traffic (and hence business...!) Examples of Museum Blogs Thanks to Mike Ellis

17 Bowers Museum Blog Bowers museum blog: Showcases the “object of the week” Gives focus to posts...and a defined “check back in X days” But not enough commenting or linking! Examples of Museum Blogs Thanks to Mike Ellis

18 Reflections Thoughts on these examples: Varieties of different approaches Personal aspect is what makes these tick.. finding out about the people behind the formality Perhaps that is what people want from museums?! Examples of Museum Blogs Do you now what to set up your own blogging service?

19 The Purpose Of Your Blog (1) Why have a blog for your museum? See suggestions made at blog workshop at Museums and the Web 2008 conference Establishing A Blog

20 The Purpose Of Your Blog (2) Establishing A Blog

21 Reflecting Current Views CEO at HLF argued the need to: Demonstrate that users are “really … engaged” with digitised services CEO at MLA, on a NOF-digi project: “How they would engage with it?” Establishing A Blog Blogs would appear to provide a means (a) for users to engage with digital content and (b) to demonstrate such engagement

22 Overcoming Barriers You may need to identify & then overcome institutional barriers: It’s a fad It’s not our job I’m too busy It will bring the museum into disrepute I feel threatened … Establishing A Blog

23 Quality Assurance Establish: A blog policy covering scope, target audience, … Editorial processes Processes for handling problems Identify & address training requirements … Establishing A Blog

24 Technical Infrastructure You’ll need to establish the technologies to be used: In-house blog software or externally-hosted? Dedicated blog software or functionality provided by CMS, … Selection of the software Establishing A Blog

25 Measuring Impact How do you: Measure the impact of your blog service? Use metrics to identify what works & what doesn’t? Justify ROI? Report to funders? See Seb Chan’s paper at MW 2008 Establishing A Blog

26 Social Networks What can social networks such as Facebook offer? Social Networks User groups – which may support you, or not A presence for your institution Support for museum professionals But note need to be aware of: Privacy issues Ownership of data Dangers of data lock-in … See Introduction to Facebook: Opportunities and Challenges For The Institution slidecast on Slideshare for further information

27 Building a Community Social networks provide a great opportunity to support the development of a community of practice. Variety of options: Ning group(s) Facebook Blogs (comment on your peers) … The social networks can be used to facilitate formal and informal contacts with your peers as well as engaging with your user community

28 Support For The Community UKOLN will continue to engage with the museum sector: Launch of briefing documents for culture heritage sector Possibilities of joint project work Exploring possibilities of workshops, etc. … Send to

29 Conclusions To conclude: Blogs are starting to be used within museums There’s a need to clarify the purpose and establish best practises There may be institutional barriers to overcome But it’s worth it – isn’t it?

30 Questions Any questions or comments? What will you do differently?