July 10 to 21, 1925 “The Monkey Trial”. Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species, published in 1859.

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Presentation transcript:

July 10 to 21, 1925 “The Monkey Trial”

Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species, published in 1859

What is evolution? Theory of evolution holds that inherited characteristics of a population change over generations and that as a result of these changes, new species sometimes arise

Literal interpretation of the Bible Reaction against modernism

Fundamentalists wanted to prevent Evolution (Darwinism) from being taught in public schools Tennessee & other states banned the teaching of evolution in public schools

The Butler Act Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Tennessee, That it shall be unlawful for any teacher in any of the Universities, Normals and all other public schools of the State which are supported in whole or in part by the public school funds of the State, to teach any theory that denies the story of the Divine Creation of man as taught in the Bible, and to teach instead that man has descended from a lower order of animals.

American Civil Liberties Union The ACLU wanted to challenge Tennessee's law banning the teaching of evolution

The ACLU's stated mission is "to defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties guaranteed to every person in this country by the Constitution and laws of the United States."

The People Clarence Darrow William Jennings Bryan

John Scopes A high school teacher in Dayton, Tennessee. Taught math and biology. Assistant football coach. Volunteered to test the Butler Act.

William Jennings Bryan 3-time Democratic candidate for president Populist led a Fundamentalist crusade to banish Darwin's theory of evolution from American classrooms Volunteered to help prosecute John Scopes

Clarence Darrow America’s most famous defense attorney Volunteered to defend Scopes pro bono Agnostic Specialized in defending the underdog Was involved in several high- profile cases during his career

Darrow questions Bryan

Expert Witnesses

George Rappleyea Mining engineer from New York who saw the ACLU’s ad and convinced his friend John Scopes to challenge the law Photo from left to right: John Scopes, John Neal, & George Rappleyea

H. L. Mencken Baltimore journalist and author who covered the trial Famous for his biting criticism of society

Fictional & Factual Inherit the WindScopes Trial  Bert Cates  Henry Drummond  Matthew Harrison Brady  E. K. Hornbeck  John Scopes  Clarence Darrow  William Jennings Bryan  H. L. Mencken

Fundamentalist religion which views the Bible as a source of knowledge about nature Vs. Religious beliefs which find no conflict between scientific discovery and belief in God and the Bible

Reliance on tradition Vs. Willingness to accept the newest revelations of science

The interest of a majority in any state in preventing the public schools from being used to teach scientific theories that contradict its religious beliefs Vs. Separation of church and state

Populism Vs. Reliance on experts

Creationism Vs. The theory of evolution

Regionalism Vs. Nationalism