Latest EU policy developments in the field of bioenergy FABbiogas Final Conference13 2 September 2015, Brussels Bernd Kuepker DG Energy European Commission Energy

Agenda Current situation and ILUC amendments Energy Union Scheduled work on biomass sustainability

The current Policy Framework for bioenergy Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) 6% greenhouse gas reduction target in carbon intensity of road transport fuels in 2020 Renewable Energy Directive (RED) 20% share of renewable energy by 2020 10% renewable energy in transport by 2020 Significant contribution to both targets expected to come from biofuels (mainly 1G, food and feed crop-based)

Sustainability criteria in RED and FQD Biofuels cannot come from land: With high carbon stock High biodiversity (primary forest etc.) Biofuels need to save at least 35% compared to fossil fuels, increasing to 50% in 2017 But, indirect impacts not taken into account: ILUC mandate for the Commission (RED article 19(6)) GHG GHG GHG

ILUC amendments (main items) 7% CAP on first generation Non-mandatory sub-target for advanced biofuels Detailed lists setting out the types of biofuels that count double towards the renewable energy target in the transport sector More incentives for the use of renewable electricity in the transport sector Greenhouse gas emissions saving requirements are increased to 60% for new installations

Double counting biofuels Biofuels to count double include among other things fuels made from Biomass fraction of mixed municipal waste excluding separated household waste subject to recycling targets Bio-waste as defined in Article 3(4) of Directive 2008/98/EC from private households subject to separate collection Biomass fraction of industrial waste not fit for use in the food or feed chain, including material from retail and wholesale and the agro-food and fish and aquaculture industry But: The annex does not include residues from retail and wholesale and the agro- food and fish and aquaculture industry

Agenda Current situation and ILUC amendments Energy Union Scheduled work on biomass sustainability

Energy and climate policies to meet geopolitical challenges Impact of the economic crisis Fall in private investment, tight financing conditions Fukushima Some countries phase out nuclear power production, others will continue Ukraine Crisis Implications for EU energy security Shale gas US oil and gas production Auf Kurs 2020 Ziele zu erreichen Gleicher Maßnahmen Katalog? Die Welt hat sich verändert Wirtschaftskrise in der EU Kostensteigerung bei Energieimporten Schiefgas und Öl in USA = Wettbewerbsvorteil Kostensenkung bei Erneuerbaren Änderung der Voraussetzung Rising energy demand and rising prices By 2030, world economy set to double and energy demand to rise by 1/3 Renewable energy saw rapid cost decreases Technologies are gradually becoming competitive

Energy Union A Resilient Energy Union with a Forward-Looking Climate Change Policy Five mutually reinforcing dimensions: 1. Energy security, solidarity and trust 2. A fully-integrated internal energy market 3. Moderation of energy demand 4. Decarbonisation of the EU energy mix 5. Research and innovation 15 Action points

15 Action points Most of the action points relevant for renewable energy and biomass, particularly: Point 12: Implementation of climate and energy framework for 2030 at the October European Council. The Commission will propose legislation to achieve the greenhouse gas reduction target. Point 13: The Commission will propose a new Renewable Energy Package in 2016-2017. This will include a new policy for sustainable biomass and biofuels as well as legislation to ensure that the 2030 EU target is met cost- effectively.

Agenda Current situation and ILUC amendments Energy Union Scheduled work on biomass sustainability

Sustainability of solid biomass and biogas July 2014 Report: State of play on the sustainability of biomass and biogas for heat, electricity and cooling Updated default GHG values for most common biomass pathways The vast majority of biomass for heat and power currently used in the EU provides significant carbon emission savings compared to fossil fuels On-going research to analyse climate performance of biomass use in heat and power post-2020 (e.g. imports) http://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/biomass

Scheduled research work on biomass sustainability Selected studies underway: ILUC Quantification Study of EU Biofuels Study on carbon impacts of forest biomass for energy in the EU post - 2020' Study on Impacts on Resource Efficiency of Future EU Demand for Bioenergy Study on cascading of wood use JRC overarching study on biomass supply and demand Commission impact assessment for the future sustainability scheme for bioenergy

Thank you for your attention! More info is available here: http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/bioenergy/sustainability_criteria_en.htm http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/studies/renewables_en.htm