1 Mirjam KühneINET MEA, Cairo, May 2004 Welcome to INET MEA Cairo, Egypt 8 May 2005 Mirjam Kühne, ISOC

2 Mirjam KühneINET MEA, Cairo, May 2004 Internet Society – Who we are Founded 1991 by Internet PioneersFounded 1991 by Internet Pioneers International, not-for-profit, membership org.International, not-for-profit, membership org. –150+ organisation members –20,000+ individual members –60+ chapters, 20+ chapters forming Organisation members fund activities inOrganisation members fund activities in –Standards –Education –Public Policy

3 Mirjam KühneINET MEA, Cairo, May 2004 ISOC – Mission "To assure the open development, evolution and use of the Internet for the benefit of all people throughout the world."

4 Mirjam KühneINET MEA, Cairo, May 2004 ISOC – Activities Support for Internet Standards (IETF)Support for Internet Standards (IETF) Transfer of technical knowledgeTransfer of technical knowledge Education in technologically emerging countriesEducation in technologically emerging countries Education of policy & decision makersEducation of policy & decision makers Manage subsidiary to run.orgManage subsidiary to run.org Building active global community of knowledgeable members & chaptersBuilding active global community of knowledgeable members & chapters

5 Mirjam KühneINET MEA, Cairo, May 2004 The Internet How it works, Why it works, Who makes it work?

6 Mirjam KühneINET MEA, Cairo, May 2004 Internet Infrastructure

7 Mirjam KühneINET MEA, Cairo, May 2004 Infrastructure Roles Each component plays specific roleEach component plays specific role –responsible for different tasks and communities –common principles and goals shared Components highly interdependentComponents highly interdependent –require coordination –but NO central control good or necessary Diversity good for stability and resilienceDiversity good for stability and resilience

8 Mirjam KühneINET MEA, Cairo, May 2004 Infrastructure Roles (2) DevelopmentDevelopment –Technical Standards (IETF) –Capacity and knowledge base (ISOC) AdministrationAdministration –Allocation of IP addresses (RIRs) –Delegation of domain names (gTLDs, ccTLDs) –Registry of names, numbers, protocols (IANA, ICANN) OperationOperation –Root server operators –Connectivity providers (ISPs, Exchange Points) –Service and application providers

9 Mirjam KühneINET MEA, Cairo, May 2004 Development of Technical Standards Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Formed 1986 Individuals not companies or governments Runs on: “rough consensus and running code” Liaison and cooperation withLiaison and cooperation with – –ITU-T, ISO, ATM Forum, W3C, 3GPP, IEEE

10 Mirjam KühneINET MEA, Cairo, May 2004 Development of Capacity Internet Society (ISOC)Internet Society (ISOC) –transfer of technical knowledge –education in technologically emerging countries –education of policy & decision makers Network Training Workshops since 1992Network Training Workshops since 1992 Support of local/regional initiatives (e.g. AfNOG & AfriNIC)Support of local/regional initiatives (e.g. AfNOG & AfriNIC) Workshops for ccTLD operatorsWorkshops for ccTLD operators

11 Mirjam KühneINET MEA, Cairo, May 2004 Administration of IP & AS Numbers Necessary for Internet connectivityNecessary for Internet connectivity Numbers get allocated fromNumbers get allocated from –IANA to RIRs to ISPs to users RIRs non-for-profit membership organisationsRIRs non-for-profit membership organisations –AfriNIC, APNIC, ARIN, LACNIC, RIPE NCC

12 Mirjam KühneINET MEA, Cairo, May 2004 Administration of Domain Names IANA maintains DB with all TLDsIANA maintains DB with all TLDs –gTLDs (.org.net.info...) –ccTLDs (.gh.de.cn...) Registries maintain specific TLDRegistries maintain specific TLD Registrars delegate to next levelRegistrars delegate to next level

13 Mirjam KühneINET MEA, Cairo, May 2004 Operation of Root Servers Publish root zone filePublish root zone file –lists all TLDs and their IP addresses (small file) Servers operated by many organisationsServers operated by many organisations –not volunteers –highly professional, responsible and reliable –servers in more than 80 countries

14 Mirjam KühneINET MEA, Cairo, May 2004 Operation of Networks Connectivity ProvidersConnectivity Providers –ISP’s responsible for their own network –coordinate with other ISPs so that customers/users can reach whole Internet –Internet Exchange Points Application & Service ProvidersApplication & Service Providers –Web, , content providers

15 Mirjam KühneINET MEA, Cairo, May 2004 Agenda 10:45 – 12:15 1. ICANN: Internationalisation and Technical Stewardship of the Internet Speaker: Theresa Swinehart, General Manager, Global Partnerships, ICANN 2. RIR Operations Speakers: Axel Pawlik, General Manager, RIPE NCC Adiel Akplogan, CEO, AfriNIC

16 Mirjam KühneINET MEA, Cairo, May 2004 Agenda 12:45 – 14:15 3. UAENIC at a Glance - Root server and ccTLD operations Speaker: Abdulla Hashim, UAENIC 4. Interconnections and Internet Exchange Points Speaker: Didier R. Kasole, KINIX

17 Mirjam KühneINET MEA, Cairo, May 2004 Agenda 15:45 – 18:00 5. The Internet Society: Internet Standards, Education and Policy Speaker: Lynn St.Amour, President and CEO, ISOC 6. Internationalising the Internet Speaker: Mirjam Kühne, ISOC (material provided by John Klensin)

18 Mirjam KühneINET MEA, Cairo, May 2004 Further Reading –“The genius of the Internet” –“Governance is a misnomer” –“Internet works through coordination and open consensus” –DNS explained for non-experts –DNS root servers explained for Non-Experts –The Regional Internet Registry Structure –Where’s the Money? Interconnection and financial settlements