The Middle Kingdom.

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Presentation transcript:

The Middle Kingdom

Middle Kingdom – The Golden Age Expansion of the Empire Captured Nubia(Sudan) to the South and what is today Syria – tribute( forced payments) had to be given to Egypt Within Egypt farmland was expanded to increase the surplus Pharaohs added dams and more irrigation A canal was built between the Nile and the Red Sea – increase trade

Arts Temples and tombs were covered with colorful paintings of deities and murals about daily life Sculptors created large carvings and statues of the pharaohs Poets wrote songs and tributes to the pharaohs Architecture changed from pyramid building to cutting tombs into cliffs Temples were built to praise the gods and goddesses who brought prosperity and peace

The End of the Middle Kingdom Invaded by the Hyksos who were from western Asia 150 years under foreign control Ahmose led a revolt and forced out the invaders and became Pharaoh This is the start of the New Kingdom- 1550 B.C.- 1080B.C.

Hatshepsut- 1480 B.C. -Ruled with husband, behalf of her nephew and finally made herself pharaoh She was more interested in trade than conquest Built new boats Started trading in eastern Africa Traded beads, metal tools and weapons for gold, ivory , incense and ebony Used wealth to build temples and monuments in the Valley of the Kings

Thutmose III Fought series of aggressive wars Expanded the empire Egypt grew rich from tribute Gold, copper, ivory and other valuable goods Started a new practice – Slavery POW’s used to build temples , palaces and tombs

Amenhotep( Akhenaton)& Neferititi Changed Egypt’s religion One god - Aton Priest were forced out and replaced by unqualified administrators Neglected his duties , because he was devoted to his new religion Egypt lost much territory to the Hittites Art and culture were reflected by the religious changes

Ramses II 66 year reign Empire building through a series of wars and conquests Built a large army to retain lost lands Launched a rebuilding program- constructed many new temples and monuments Emphasis on art, literature, and architecture

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