Update from CEOS Carbon Task Force Masakatsu Nakajima (JAXA) and Diane E. Wickland (NASA) CEOS SIT-28 Meeting Hampton, Virginia, USA March 14, 2013

SIT-28 Meeting Hampton, Virginia, USA March 2013 CEOS Response to the GEO Carbon Strategy CEOS established the Carbon Task Force (CTF) to coordinate the response from space agencies to the GEO Carbon Strategy: CEOS Strategy for Carbon Observations from Space

SIT-28 Meeting Hampton, Virginia, USA March 2013 Outline for Progress Report CTF Activities and Milestones achieved since SIT-27 Report from Side Meeting at SIT-28, March 11, 2013 Plans for completion of report: CEOS Strategy for Carbon Observations from Space

SIT-28 Meeting Hampton, Virginia, USA March 2013 Key Milestones Since CEOS SIT-27 CTF plans for the CEOS Carbon Strategy report were discussed at the CEOS Atmospheric Composition Constellation (ACC-8) meeting on 19 April 2012 in Columbia, Maryland. ACC agreed to review the final draft report. Global Carbon Project (GCP) was apprised at their April 2012 Marrakech meeting of our plans and agreed to provide review of the final draft report. Continuing interactions with the GEO Carbon Community of Practice on progress and their review of the final draft report. In May 2012 Stephen Ward sent a message requesting inputs from CEOS members regarding the approach to recommendations for the CEOS Carbon Strategy. (no inputs received) The Land chapter author team met on the side at the IGARSS meeting in Munich on 26 July 2012 and agreed upon refined core measurements and new writing assignments. In August the CTF executive team and chapter leads noted they were behind schedule and agreed that an approximately 3-month delay in the delivery of the final report was unavoidable and should be communicated to CEOS leadership (this was noted in the 29 August update to the CEOS action CL- 02-C1_2 and at the CEOS Plenary in October 2012)

SIT-28 Meeting Hampton, Virginia, USA March 2013 Key Milestones Since CEOS SIT-27 Writing meetings were held in mid-October 2012 in conjunction with the ESA GlobBiomass workshop in Jena, Germany (Land team) and MERIS/AATSR & Sentinel-3 meeting in Frascati, Italy (Ocean team) October 2012 decision between Ocean and Land chapter leads to include inland freshwater and coastal waters in the Ocean chapter, with appropriate cross-referencing, and addition of a new co-author to the Ocean chapter A side meeting of report lead authors and CTF executive was held at the Fall AGU in San Francisco in December The Atmosphere chapter was further reviewed, issues for integration were identified, and the proposed reorganization of the Land chapter was agreed upon. The Land chapter was substantially reorganized in November/December 2012: Ralph Dubayah was added as co-Lead Co-author team was expanded to add needed expertise and people with dedicated time (complete list of authors in backup) Chapter structure was significantly revised and agreed to by co-authors New writing assignments were established and completed in January/February 2013

SIT-28 Meeting Hampton, Virginia, USA March 2013 Current Status of Report Atmosphere chapter completed in February 2013; some minor editing (e.g., references, formatting) in process Ocean and Inland Waters chapter completed in February 2013; some minor editing (e.g., co-author proofing, references, formatting) in process A complete draft of the Integration chapter was circulated to all co-authors and the CTF executive team in February 2013 and is in revision Complete draft of revised Land chapter circulated to all co-authors and CTF executive team on March 5, 2013 The Introduction and Way Forward chapters are being drafted (completion had to await delivery of Land chapter draft)

SIT-28 Meeting Hampton, Virginia, USA March 2013 CTF Side Meeting at SIT-28: 11 March 2013 CTF leaders (4 people) met with SIT-28 participants (6 people in person, no one called in) from 9-10 am on 11 March 2013 CTF leaders requested review of the major actions / recommendations to be included in the report, seeking CEOS SIT participant inputs regarding reasonableness of recommended action, responsible parties for actions, any “missing” actions, and/or concerns about actions In the hour available before SIT-28 participants had to move to other side meetings, CTF received inputs on the Land chapter’s actions regarding: Sharpening and/or clarifying certain action statements Questions as to why certain measurements were emphasized over others (e.g., wetlands versus permafrost) How to better pose action statements, given CEOS’s role Sorting actions into types (as the Ocean & Inland Waters chapter did – i.e., missions, data processing/products, etc.) Focusing on measurements, not missions in the guidance (as appropriate, particular missions can be called out as examples)

SIT-28 Meeting Hampton, Virginia, USA March 2013 CTF Side Meeting at SIT-28: 11 March 2013 CTF also presented its plans for completion of the report (same information as presented in this briefing) and requested feedback The following inputs were received: There was a request to provide advance notice ( at least 2 weeks) to CEOS leadership prior to releasing the report for review so that they can notify CEOS members to plan for a timely review of the document There was a question about the status and value of the gap analysis for each chapter and this was discussed (there is still an open issue of whether the land chapter needs a new gap analysis to support its findings) There was a question as to whether the new inventory for ECVs has been consulted/included in the report (CTF leaders noted that the original ECV requirements have been consulted, but would have to check with the chapter leads regarding the new inventory) After everyone else left at 10 am, the CTF leaders continued the discussion and went through all of the other actions / recommendations in the report Despite its reduced duration, this side meeting was very productive and helpful!

SIT-28 Meeting Hampton, Virginia, USA March 2013 Plans for completion of report Finish integrating report in March Conduct internal CEOS Review – ask all CTF members to review carefully and to help ensure Space Agency representation and perspectives are adequately incorporated into each chapter and ensure appropriate people in their agencies review the final draft. [Side meeting on 11 March a first step; one or more full CTF teleconference calls will follow]  We request your (CEOS SIT representatives) help as well! Will then request review of final draft by CEOS, Global Carbon Project leadership, GEO Carbon Community of Practice, and the authors of the GEO Carbon Strategy. Will revise report as needed in response to reviews in April-June Anticipate delivery / release by end of August 2013.

SIT-28 Meeting Hampton, Virginia, USA March 2013  It has been difficult to stay on schedule and coordinate this activity with only best effort, volunteer work. Resources for travel and meeting logistics have been very hard to secure. Taking advantage of ad hoc meetings has been helpful, but inadequate.  Repeated delays due to the failure of the Land chapter to mature on schedule are now behind us.  The major challenges ahead are now:  completing the integration of the full report  securing timely reviews from CEOS member organizations and the broader carbon community Continuing Challenges / Issues

SIT-28 Meeting Hampton, Virginia, USA March 2013 At the CEOS-GEO Action Workshop telecon on January 2013, the following question and suggestion were made:  Would the CTF have a new action for 2013 after the completion its Strategy report? Answer: No. The CTF plans to spread the word about the new Strategy (e.g., at the GEO Carbon meetings in October 2013), but we do not believe such activities require a formal CEOS-GEO action. Actions for 2014 and later should be subject to decisions on the implementation of the strategy (next slide).  It was suggested to conduct two mapping exercises after completion the Strategy document 1) map current CEOS activities (VC, WG, etc.) to the Strategy 2) compare the GCOS Implementation Plan and the Strategy to check the consistency of each requirement Response: These are excellent suggestions. To a great extent, these comparisons have already been made in developing the Strategy. However, checking back over the final report shall be done. From CEOS-GEO Action Workshop

SIT-28 Meeting Hampton, Virginia, USA March 2013 After the CEOS Strategy for Carbon Observations from Space has been completed and released in final form, CEOS will need to consider how to implement the strategy and report its progress  What CEOS entity or entities should be responsible for coordinating implementation of the recommendations/actions and monitoring progress on them?  Does the CTF or some variation on this group need to continue?  Should another Working Group do it? Should the actions be divided up and assigned to relevant Working Groups and Virtual Constellations?  Does CEOS need one or more new Virtual Constellations (e.g., GHG)  How should CEOS interact with GEOSS and UNFCCC in implementing and reporting on the report’s recommendations/actions?  Carbon supplement to our biennial GCOS IP response to UNFCCC?  Updated in synchrony with GCOS IP response? Thoughts on Implementing the Strategy

SIT-28 Meeting Hampton, Virginia, USA March 2013 Backup Materials

SIT-28 Meeting Hampton, Virginia, USA March 2013 Rationale CEOS established the Carbon Task Force (CTF) to coordinate the response from space agencies to the GEO Carbon Strategy. Take into account information requirements of both the UNFCCC and IPCC and consider how future satellite missions will support them Also take account of, and be consistent with, the GCOS and GEO Implementation Plans. Help definition of next generation missions for individual agencies Provide a basis for systematic observation and reporting of progress towards satisfying society’s carbon information needs

SIT-28 Meeting Hampton, Virginia, USA March 2013 CEOS Response to the GEO Carbon Strategy: Approach to Report  Carbon Task Force co-leads (JAXA & NASA) take overall responsibility.  Domain leads have been identified by CTF to develop the atmospheric, terrestrial (land) and oceanic chapters:  Atmosphere: Prof Berrien Moore (Univ. Oklahoma, USA)  Land: Prof Christiane Schmullius (Univ. Jena, Germany) and Dr. Ralph Dubayah (Univ. Maryland)  Ocean and Inland Waters: Dr Shubha Sathyendranath (Plymouth Marine Laboratory, UK)  And the Integration chapter:  Integration: Dr. Stephen Plummer (European Space Agency)  Domain leads supported by co-authors from the international EO scientific community based on recommendations made by CTF members as well as from the domain leads.  Follows the model of the CEOS Response to the GCOS Implementation Plan with actions identified for each domain and for integration as the basis for monitoring and reporting.  Recognised that the GEO Carbon Strategy Report may not cover the full spectrum of societal needs and CEOS should aim to address this.

SIT-28 Meeting Hampton, Virginia, USA March 2013 Outline and Leads for CTF Report CEOS Strategy for Carbon Observations from Space Executive Summary (Nakajima, Wickland, Plummer) Section 1: Introduction (Nakajima, Wickland, and Ward) Section 2: Land Domain (Schmullius and Dubayah) Section 3: Ocean and Inland Waters Domain (Sathyendranath) Section 4: Atmosphere Domain (Moore) Section 5: Integration (Plummer) Section 6: The Way Forward (Wickland, Nakajima, Plummer) Appendices

SIT-28 Meeting Hampton, Virginia, USA March 2013 Domain Chapter Authors Atmosphere: Berrien Moore (University of Oklahoma) John Burrows (Universität Bremen) David Crisp (NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory) Michio Kawamiya (Japan Agency for Marine-earth Science and Technology) Martin Heimann (Max Plank Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena) Ray Nasser (Environment Canada) Peter Rayner (Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de L'Environnement) Ocean and Inland Waters: Shubha Sathyendranath (Plymouth Marine Lab) Prakash Chauhan (Indian Space Research Organization) Watson Gregg (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center) Nicolas Hoepffner (Joint Research Centre) Joji Ishizaka (Nagoya University) Johnny Johannessen (Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre) Milton Kampel (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais) Tiit Kutser (University of Tartu) Trevor Platt (Bedford Institute of Oceanography) J-H Ryu (Korea Ocean Satellite Center)

SIT-28 Meeting Hampton, Virginia, USA March 2013 Domain Chapter Authors Land: Chris Schmullius (Friedrich-Schiller University Jena) Ralph Dubayah (University of Maryland) Warren Cohen (USDA Forest Service) Eric Kasischke (University of Maryland) Kyle McDonald (City College of New York) Shaun Quegan (The University of Sheffield) Jean Ometto (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais) Stephen Plummer (European Space Agency) Steven Running (University of Montana) Sassan Saatchi (NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory) Masanobu Shimada (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency)