Bacteria Noor Al Humaidi 7A

Bacteria background Bacteria is everywhere in the food you eat to the soil you plant flowers and crops in and its also in your body millions of them. Try staying clean by washing your hands and taking a shower everyday it helps a lot .

How does it get in your body? Bacteria gets into your body if you have a cut part on your leg or knee or hands etc but it gets in if you have open skin because it gives bacteria a chance to get in the body straight away. Bacteria can also enter the body by food position if you didn’t cook something right and you have to make sure that you wash your hands before cooking anything.

Conditions bacteria grow in Food, moisture, temperature , time its because bacteria feels more comfortable in that place.

Food Food, moisture, temperature , time, oxygen. Food: The foods where it naturally grows are in nutritious foods these include meat , eggs, fish, milk, pasta and also foods which contain these a ingredients like salads, sandwiches etc. Pathogens will grow in both raw or cooked foods but mostly raw. It is not impossible to find Bactria in well cooked food it’s a common thing that happens, there is also the opportunity for those bacteria which are able to produce spores when foods are cooked to become active bacteria again if the cooked food is kept in warm temperatures (within the growth zone). Cooked foods must therefore be protected from contamination and kept at the right temperature (either hot or cold).

moisture Most foods naturally contain sufficient moisture to provide bacteria with the water they need in order to grow. Where moisture has been deliberately removed (e.g. in dehydrated foods such as milk powder, soup mixes, etc.), then bacteria will not grow whilst the food remains dry, but once water is added then bacterial growth may occur once more. then bacteria will not grow whilst the food remains dry, but once water is added then bacterial growth may occur once more.

Temperature Bacteria have varying requirements in terms of the range of temperatures in which they will grow. Those which grow at low temperatures (usually below 20°C) are called psychrophiles and at high temperatures (above 45°C) are thermophiles. Some spoilage bacteria fall into these categories.

Time In ideal conditions (i.e. in moist foods at 37°C) bacteria will grow and multiply by dividing into two every 20 minutes. After 6 hours, in ideal conditions, one bacterial cell could become 131,072 bacteria.Other Factors Affecting GrowthpH LevelThe acidity or alkalinity of foods will affect bacterial growth. Most bacteria like neutral conditions (pH value of 7) and will not grow in foods with a pH below 4.5, although if pathogens are introduced into an acid food, they may not necessarily die off immediately and could still cause illness.

Fun fact There is 100,000 bacteria per 1 cm3 in your hands.

Bacteria size Bacteria is way to small to see you need a microscope to see it (1/1000th of a micrometre) this is the size of on bacteria .

Shapes Bacteria come in different shapes there are the really big ones that are deadly and really small ones that is bad but is small. You can prevent having them by washing your hands regularly and avoid sneezing on your hands but maybe arm.

Bactria V.S viruses cells Viruses: Nonliving intracellular parasites. Need host cells to replicate their genetic material. No life functions. Antibiotics are ineffective, must use antivirals. Vaccines are made of weakened or live- attenuated strains of viruses. Bacteria: living cells that manufacture own DNA. Cause disease or can live symbiotically with humans, animals and plant life. Some are photosynthetic others need to ingest nutrients. Antibiotics are effective against these. Can live in a variety of different settings.

Bibliography http://www.biology4kids.com/files/micro_bacteria.ht ml http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_can_bacteria_enter_ the_body http://archive.food.gov.uk/hea/teachers/plainenglish/ part2.html http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=201011 01170515AAEk2Iw http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=200710 15011233AA05dpM http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_big_is_bacteria

Picture bibliography http://topnews.us/images/imagecache/main_image/Bacteria-Hands.gif http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/FST/FST-9/L_IMG_food_safety_1.jpg http://ideas4health.in/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/probiotic-food.jpg https://www.stockcartoons.co.uk/Images/Thumbs%5CBacteria-In-Food-Cake-.jpg http://www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs/foodnut/foodimg/09367f01.jpg http://macroairfans.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/HVLS-fans-reduce-bacteria- 284x249.jpg http://www.bacteriainphotos.com/bacteria%20under%20microscope/gram%20negative%20bac teria%20microscopy/E.coli%20O157%20H7.jpg http://www.microbiologyonline.org.uk/themed/sgm/img/slideshows/3.1.2_bacteria_1.png http://www.google.com.qa/search?q=bacteria+cartoons&tbm=isch&hl=en- QA&gbv=2&gs_l=img.3...2246.12026.0.12207.27.11.2.14.0.1.361.2628.2- 2j6.8.0...0.0...1ac.1.4laq3_KFbKM&nfpr=&spell=1&oq=bacteria+cartoons

More bibliography ( pics) http://foodsafetycartoons.com/assets/images/Can_ t_See_Bacteria_Cartoon.jpg http://www.thedrinksbusiness.com/wordpress/wp- content/uploads/2012/05/bacteria.jpeg