Centre for SDIs and Land Administration Department of Geomatics Spatial systems to support sustainable development Making Land Markets Work for All Jude Wallace Centre for Spatial Data Infrastructures and Land Administration The University of Melbourne

Centre for SDIs and Land Administration Department of Geomatics Spatial systems to support sustainable development The Order of Things 1 The land administration approach 2Formal and informal markets 3Stages of building land markets 4Missing ingredients 5Concept of property 6Challenge of IT

Centre for SDIs and Land Administration Department of Geomatics Spatial systems to support sustainable development Agenda How do you explain how land markets work for countries that seek to implement them? eg Indonesia, Vietnam, China, Iran, Egypt ….. amid millions of poor people, governance issues, corruption, lack of capacity …..

Centre for SDIs and Land Administration Department of Geomatics Spatial systems to support sustainable development LAND ADMINISTRATION APPROACH

Centre for SDIs and Land Administration Department of Geomatics Spatial systems to support sustainable development Informal markets Little transparency Insider trading Unstructured, ad hoc processes Inefficient tax collection No complex commodities Poor integration of tenures for resources, services, credit and land Ineffective government involvement Shallow participation – one level and few players Sometimes vibrant and successful, but mostly not Formal markets Transparent processes Open trading Formal structures High tax yield Many kinds of products and complex commodities Integrate tenures for rights, restrictions and responsibilities in land, resources, credit, infrastructure High government involvement Deep participation by many participants Vibrant, successful and wealth creating

Centre for SDIs and Land Administration Department of Geomatics Spatial systems to support sustainable development Formal land markets accelerate wealth generation Informal land markets fail to generate sufficient national wealth to relieve poverty Governments therefore need to build land administration systems to manage land related commodities How??

Centre for SDIs and Land Administration Department of Geomatics Spatial systems to support sustainable development

Centre for SDIs and Land Administration Department of Geomatics Spatial systems to support sustainable development 160? COUNTRIES Evolution of Land Markets

Centre for SDIs and Land Administration Department of Geomatics Spatial systems to support sustainable development BUILDING COMPLEX COMMODITIES

Centre for SDIs and Land Administration Department of Geomatics Spatial systems to support sustainable development Netherlands Evolution of Land Markets

Centre for SDIs and Land Administration Department of Geomatics Spatial systems to support sustainable development

Centre for SDIs and Land Administration Department of Geomatics Spatial systems to support sustainable development 5. Ancillary Functionalities Securitisation Corporatisation Separation 4. Mature cognitive capacity 3. Property regime management 2. Broad opportunity for owners’ decisions 1. Reliable Land Administration System Robust Concept of Property

Centre for SDIs and Land Administration Department of Geomatics Spatial systems to support sustainable development BUILDING THE PROPERTY CONCEPT to support participation of the poor 1.Cognitive capacity 2.Legal order 3.Tenure systems 4.Good governance - Subsidiarity - Transparent information

Centre for SDIs and Land Administration Department of Geomatics Spatial systems to support sustainable development Participants Commodities Financial Instruments Commitment Participation Transparency Inventiveness Abstract thinking Shared understanding

Centre for SDIs and Land Administration Department of Geomatics Spatial systems to support sustainable development Cognitive Capacity Commitment Participation Transparency Inventiveness Abstract thinking Shared understanding

Centre for SDIs and Land Administration Department of Geomatics Spatial systems to support sustainable development Legal order

Centre for SDIs and Land Administration Department of Geomatics Spatial systems to support sustainable development One particular land right Article X One of XX kinds of owners Article XX One of XX periods of time Article XX One of XX kinds of land use Article XX One of XXX methods of acquisition and allocation ??? Immature tenure systems Distribute physical land

Centre for SDIs and Land Administration Department of Geomatics Spatial systems to support sustainable development TENURE SYSTEMS

Centre for SDIs and Land Administration Department of Geomatics Spatial systems to support sustainable development Good governance 2 key features Subsidiarity - Capacity for decisions is as close as possible to the impact point Owner’s capacity to make key decisions is protected Information transparency

Centre for SDIs and Land Administration Department of Geomatics Spatial systems to support sustainable development Business licenses Hydrology Owners’ names Geology Climate Owners’ addresses Owners’ contact address Business entities Heritage Residents and or occupiers Soil Estates and interests DCDB Satellite images Geographic Names Geocoded property addresses Habitat Aerial photos Utilities Topographic map archive Body corporate rules and responsibilities Restricted sites Parcel Use, condition and zoning Burglary risks Landform (DTM) Rates Property Mortgages Drainage Transport Access Boundaries Administrative boundaries Resources Water license Topographic reference data sets Image data Geographic names register Photogrammetric control archive Text & Text &SpatialData SpatialData Spatial Data Infrastructures Web Enabled Access Location Based Platforms EnablingTechnology Converting Data into Information SupportedFunctions for Key Government and Business Activities SupportedFunctions for Key Government and Business Activities Policy making Transactions management Activity management Land development & planning Land valuation & taxation Provision of utilities & services Transport & access Farming & resource management Disclosure of restrictions Emergency management

Centre for SDIs and Land Administration Department of Geomatics Spatial systems to support sustainable development And, hardest of all, Making processes accessible. Thank you