Father of the Bride 2 40:10 (hot, exercise, eating)

Conception to Birth

Conception In order to become pregnant an egg must be fertilised by sperm. When sperm is ejaculated from the penis it swims towards the cervix, through the fallopian tube until they meet an egg. The sperm then fertilises the egg (CONCEPTION) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jvanNDQhlYI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6kGN2dcjNUY&feature=fvwrel

Ovulation and Fertilization In the female, one of the ovaries produces an egg every 28 days. This is called ovulation. During sexual intercourse millions of sperm are ejaculated into the vagina. If a sperm meets the egg, the sperm’s nucleus can join with the egg’s nucleus. This fusing of the nuclei is called fertilization.

Conception

Length of Pregnancy Pregnancy is divided in to three trimesters 1-3 months 4-6 months 7-9 months

Signs and Symptoms Pregnancy – 40 weeks A missing menstrual period Morning sickness and nausea Frequent urination Cravings Breasts enlarge Fatigue and dizziness A simple urine test from the doctor will show whether or not a woman is pregnant.

Call the doctor if any of the following occur: Vaginal bleeding Sharp abdominal pain or cramping Loss of fluid from the vagina Severe or prolonged nausea or vomiting Frequent dizzy spells Painful urination High fever over 100 degrees F. Vaginal discharge that is irritating

Other considerations: No medications, including over-the counter drugs, unless approved by your doctor. No drugs or alcohol. No x-rays. No saunas and hot tubs. No vaccinations during pregnancy. Avoid cats, cattle, sheep and pigs. They have a parasite that causes toxoplasmosis.

ZYGOTE A single sperm penetrates the mother's egg cell, and the resulting cell is called a zygote. Begins when egg is fertilized in the fallopian tube. Ends 2 weeks later when the zygote is implanted in the wall of the uterus. The zygote contains all of the genetic information (DNA) necessary to become a child. Half of the genetic information comes from the mother’s egg and half from the father’s sperm

BLASTOCYST The zygote continues to divide, creating an inner group of cells with an outer shell. This stage is called a blastocyst. The inner group of cells will become the embryo, while the outer group of cells will become the membranes that nourish and protect it. The blastocyst reaches the (uterus) around day 5, and implants into the uterine wall on about day 6. At this point in the mother's menstrual cycle, the lining of the uterus has grown and is ready to support a fetus. The blastocyst sticks tightly to the lining, where it receives nourishment via the mother's bloodstream

The embryo may float freely in the uterus for about 48 hours before implanting. Upon implantation, complex connections between the mother and embryo develop to form the placenta.

EMBRYO From 3 to 8 weeks after conception. The cells of the embryo now multiply and begin to take on specific functions. This process is called differentiation. It leads to the various cell types that make up a human being (such as blood cells, kidney cells, and nerve cells). There is rapid growth, and the baby's main external features begin to take form. It is during this critical period (most of the first trimester) that the growing baby is most susceptible to damage. From 3 to 8 weeks after conception. Body parts are formed during this period.

1 Month Label Key: 1. midbrain 2. forebrain 3. umbilical cord 4. hindbrain 5. neck 6. heart 7. left upper limb bud All ages referenced to fertilization, not last menstrual period. By the end of the first month, the embryo is about 1/4 of an inch long. The heart, no larger than a poppy seed, has begun beating Head, mouth, liver, and intestines begin to take shape.

A 6 weeks….. There is initial development of legs, brain, spine, internal organs, blood, bone, muscles, ears and eye's The embryo’s heart is beating The actual size is 4-6mm (size of a grain of rice)

2 Months The embryo grows to about 1-1.5 inches long Veins are clearly visible. The placenta is already nourishing the baby through the umbilical cord. The heart has divided into right and left chambers. Most vital organs are developed. Muscles and bones begin to form 2 Months

At 8 weeks The fetus looks more human The arms, legs, shoulders, ears and eyes can be seen The foetus moves in the amniotic sac The heartbeat is visible on a scan The foetus is approximately 2.2 com long

At 12 weeks the fetus….. Is fully formed Swims by kicking Can swallow, clench fist, hiccup, suck it’s thumb Has well developed sex organs Is sensitive to light, heat and sound Has it’s eye’s closed Length is about 6cm

3 Months Starting at eight weeks, your baby is called a fetus. By the end of the first trimester, the fetus is 2 1/2 to 3 inches long and is fully formed. He has begun swallowing and kicking. All organs and muscles have formed and are beginning to function. The arms, legs, hand, and fingers are fully developed. The nails on his fingers and toes are starting to develop. 3 Months

Your first photo? Your first photograph was probably taken when you were 10-12 weeks old. You already looked human and you were about to start gaining mass faster than you ever will again. Your head diameter was measured to check your age and make sure you were growing properly. 23

Skin – Every woman’s body reacts differently to pregnancy. Oily, dry or scaly Stretch marks Facial skin may darken Emotions Need a few extra breaks or time to relax. May experience mood swings, depression and bad dreams. Feel baby’s movements

4 Months Your baby is about 5 inches long (4 ounces) The first outlines of the face are showing. Hands and feet become well formed This is when many mothers feel their baby's first thrilling kick. 4 Months

The eyelids are closed this month and stay closed until the end of the trimester. As the fetus grows, the body has proportions more like a baby’s, especially near the end of the fourth month.

By the end of this month, your baby will be nearly 6-8 inches long and weigh almost 12-16 ounces. covered with a layer of thick, downy hair called lanugo. heartbeat can be heard clearly. Baby will wake and sleep regularly Turns,stretches,kicks The skull bones are the most important bones being developed at this time. 5 Months

6 Months 1.5-2 lbs – 9 inches Tiny eyebrows and eyelids are visible. There is a lot of evidence to show that the baby can hear the outside world. Your baby's lungs are filled with amniotic fluid, and he has started to practice breathing movements. If you talk or sing, he can hear you. Fingerprints are formed. 6 Months

At 24 weeks……. Weighs approx 1 pound. Has hair, wrinkled skin, fingernails and fingerprints Is covered with vernix (a white greasy substance, which protects the skin and keeps it waterproof) and languo ( fine hair that keeps it warm Is active, with definite periods of waking and sleeping

After 24 weeks …… The baby grows and gets stronger If it was born it would now be viable This is because it’s development, except for the lungs, is complete If it was born now it would need special care in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)

Abdomen enlarges Fatigue is common Expectant fathers take more interest because they can feel the baby move. Baby moves a lot A mother should feel the baby move every couple of hours. If not, she should call her doctor.

Discomforts that might be experienced Heartburn Shortness of breath Heart palpitations Leg cramps Round ligament pains Discomforts that might be experienced

baby weighs about 2.5-3 pounds and is about 10-12 inches long. Can suck its thumb His body is well formed. Fingernails cover his fingertips. 7 Months

Will gain 2-3 lbs this month or about Will gain 2-3 lbs this month or about half a pound per week, and layers of fat are piling on under his skin. baby has probably turned head-down in preparation for his coming birth. The baby weighs between 4 and 6 pounds. 8 Months

Your baby is 6 to 9 pounds and measures somewhere between 19 and 22 inches. The lungs develop in preparation for breathing and the head is now head-down. As he becomes more crowded, you may feel him move around less. The last few weeks, the baby “drops” in preparation for delivery – giving the mother a little breathing space. 9 Months

Ready to be born 38-40 weeks

Baby’s Arrival

Danger Signals Call the doctor if any of these problems occur. Vaginal bleeding Sharp abdominal pain/cramping Loss of fluid Frequent dizzy spells Visual disturbances Nausea or vomiting Sudden and excessive swelling of face, hands, and feet Headache Burning, painful urination Fever Vaginal discharge

Weight gain during pregnancy 25-30 pounds Baby – 7 ½ to 10 pounds Placenta – 1 ½ pounds Uterus – 2 to 2.5 pounds Amniotic fluid – 1 ½ to 2 pounds Extra blood and other fluid – 4 -8 pounds Breast tissue – 3 pounds Maternal stores of protein/ fat – 4-8 pounds

The babies support system Find out what each of the following are and do for the baby, use the next slide to help you draw out the diagram Uterus wall Amniotic sac Cervical mucus cervix Amniotic fluid Umbilical cord Placenta

Draw out the diagram and explain what each one is/for

Pregnancy Issues Toxemia Ectopic Pregnancy Stillborn Spontaneous Abortion

Home work Design a fact sheet that instructs a year 7 child about puberty. Give advice on periods, what to expect, what can be used, activities that you may still do. Etc Include a problem page.