Nutrition Nutrition Workshop Role Modeling The of

A Aim for a Healthy Weight  Choose portions right for you.  Balance food & physical Activity

B Build a Healthy Base  Eat more fruits and vegetables.  Choose whole grains daily.  Choose nonfat or low-fat milk.  Keep food safe to eat

C Choose Wisely Keep total fat between 20 to 35 % of calories, mostly unsaturated. Choose & prepare foods with little added sugars or caloric sweeteners. Consume less than 2,300 mg salt per day, include potassium-rich foods. Be sensible, drink alcoholic beverages in moderation.

Who Are Role Models of Health Behaviors for Children? 1. Parents 2. Teachers & other school staff 3. Childcare providers 4. Health professionals 5. Neighbors 6. Community Members

*Overweight: > 95th percentile BMI-for-age; at risk of overweight: > 85th-,95th percentile BMI- for-age, CDC Growth Charts, % of children are expected to fall above the 85th percentile (5% above the 95th percentile and 10% between the 85th and 95th percentiles). 2 yrs

Trends in overweight and at risk for overweight among children aged 2 thru 4 years in Wisconsin 1994: overweight: 8.9%; at risk: 13.8% 1995: overweight: 9.3%; at risk: 13.9% 1996: overweight: 9.7%; at risk: 14.6% 1997: overweight: 10.1%; at risk: 14.7% 1998: overweight: 10.1%; at risk: 14.4% 1999: overweight: 10.1%; at risk: 14.6% 2000: overweight: 11.4%; at risk: 15.0% 2001: overweight: 11.3%; at risk: 14.7% 2002: overweight: 11.8%; at risk: 15.0%

National Overweight Trends & Rates Among Children & Youth: age 12-19: 10.5% 15.5% age 6-11: 11.3% 15.3% age 2-5: 7.2% 10.4%.

For children, physical complications and problems of being overweight include: Respiratory problems such as asthma Sleep apnea Orthopedic problems Type 2 Diabetes Likelihood of adult overweight or obesity Should we be concerned about children’s weight?

Did You Know… Social and emotional effects of overweight may be most damaging? These include: Low self-esteem Target of bullying Behavior and learning problems Depression

Did You Know… Weight status of children affects lifelong health? 80% of children and adolescents diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes are overweight Overweight children = obese adults –Overweight 6 year-olds have a 25% chance of being obese adults –Overweight 12 year-olds have a 75% chance of being obese adults

 Long-term effects of overweight includes increased the risk for: High blood pressure Type 2 diabetes Heart disease & stroke Gall bladder disease Osteoarthritis Some types of cancer

What has happened with children & food? Portion sizes are up - often 4 times larger than 10 years ago. More high fat & high calorie foods, more snacking Soft drinks and sweetened “fruit drinks” have replaced water and milk between 1970 and 1997; soft drinks rose 118%; milk consumption fell 23%. Advertising and promotion to children of high fat, sweetened, and salty foods. Easy accessibility to food – vending, fast food, drive-in, convenience foods, micro-waves. Low cost and wide variety. More eating away from home. More catering to children’s preferences.

What has happened with children & physical activity? Competition from sedentary activities – TV, video games, computers, movies – 2-18 year olds get an average of 4 hours daily of “screen time” Modern community design discourages walking & biking – no sidewalks, schools not in neighborhoods. Busy family schedules leave little time for physical activity. Elimination or reduction of physical education at some schools. Concerns about safety can limit physical activity.

Who Wants Healthy Kids?

A - Aim for a healthy weight. Which is the most promising dietary approach to preventing childhood overweight? A. Decrease dietary fat B. Decrease sweetened beverages C. Increase fruits and vegetable D. Increase low-fat and non-fat milk E. Decrease fast food

Correct answer: B. Decrease sweetened beverages Modeling this behavior: Choose water as your beverage most of the time. Switch to a low-fat or non-fat milk and choose this at meals eaten with children. Be sure fruit juices are 100% juice. Limit juice to 1 or 2 servings a day. (4-6 oz. in a serving

Helping children learn self-regulation Have regular times for meals and snacks. Stick to these times and children will learn to trust that they will have food when they are hungry. Help children recognize when they are hungry or full. Pay attention when children say they are hungry. Listen when children say they are full.

Be physically active each day. What is the most promising physical activity approach to preventing overweight in children & youth? A. Increase recreational physical activity. B. Decrease TV time. C. Increase physical education participation. D. All of the above.

Correct answer: D All of these approaches are very promising. Modeling this behavior: Be physically active most days for at least 30 minutes. Participate with children in physical activities. Advocate for increased physical education requirements at your school. Work with of other community members to decrease TV viewing. Observe “TV Turn-off” week. Set limits to TV, video, computer use: - No more that 1-2 hours of quality programs daily. - No TV for children under age 2. - Read, talk, or sing to children instead of TV. - Have family mealtimes with the TV turned off. - Play games with children instead of watching TV.

B – Build a Healthy Base When is the “window of opportunity” for developing strong bones? A.Throughout childhood B.The teen years C.Young adulthood D. All of the above

Correct answer: D All of these periods of life are opportunities to develop strong bones. Modeling this behavior: Choose milk and other dairy products often. Include a variety of dairy products in children’s meals and snacks. Advocate for replacing soda vending machines with milk vending machines at your school and at community sites that children use. If you or a child is lactose intolerant, choose small portions of dairy products and other calcium-rich foods each day.

Choose a variety of grains daily, at least half the grains should be whole grains. The health benefits of whole grains are found in all of these foods except: A. Brown Rice B. Enriched white bread C. Cheerios D. Oatmeal

Correct answer: B Although white bread is enriched with some nutrients removed during milling, it does not contain fiber. Modeling this behavior: Read labels, choose, and eat whole grain products with lots of fiber for these benefits for yourself & children: – Feeling of fullness with less calories – Proper bowel function – Phytochemicals that may prevent cancer and other diseases – Lower risk of heart disease

Eat more fruits and vegetables. Which of the following practices DO NOT help children learn to eat new foods: A. Rewards for trying new foods B. Allowing children to serve themselves C. Opportunities to see, touch, and smell a food before it is offered at a meal or snack D. 10 or more exposures to a new food

Correct answer: A When children are rewarded for trying a new food, they are less likely to try that food again. Modeling this behavior: Provide lots of chances for yourself and children to experience new foods before tasting: –Gardening and going to a Farmers Market –Choosing produce at the store –Preparing new foods for meals and snacks Allow children to serve themselves Pair a new food with a familiar food

Keep food safe to eat. What proportion of food borne illnesses occur in children aged 10 or younger? A. One-tenth B. One-fourth C. One-third D. One-half

Correct answer: C One-third of food borne illnesses are in children age 10 and younger. Modeling this behavior: Let children see you keeping food safe to eat by: –Washing hands and surfaces often. –Separating raw, cooked, and ready-to- eat foods while shopping, preparing, and storing. –Cooking foods to a safe temperature. –Refrigerating perishable and cooked foods promptly.

C - Choose Wisely Limit intake of fats and oils high in saturated and/or trans fatty acids, choose products low in such fats and oils. Which of these protein choices have less than 1 gram of saturated fat in a 4 ounce serving? A. Turkey breast, no skin B. Pinto beans C. Tuna packed in water D. All of the above

Correct answer: D All of these protein choices have little or no saturated fat. Modeling this behavior: Give children choices that limit saturated fat by: –Using a meat alternative like beans, yogurt, or peanut butter. –Serving smaller amounts of meat by offering combination dishes like spaghetti and meat. –Using oil and soft margarines instead of solid fats. –Choosing/Serving fruit for dessert often. – Limiting fast food meals and choosing smaller portions when eating fast foods.

Choose beverages and foods with little added or no sugars. What percentage of toddlers drink a sweetened beverage daily? A.20% B. 30% C. 40% D. 50%

Correct answer: C 40% of toddlers drink a sweetened beverage daily. An increase in broken bones in grade school children is related to soft drinks replacing milk. Modeling this behavior: Read beverage labels and show children what labels tell you about a food Help children learn that many drinks that are advertised as “nutritious” contain mostly sugar and water. Limit fruit juice to 1 or 2 servings daily

Choose and prepare foods with little salt. Which snack will help you cut back on the amount of salt served to children? A.Crackers and cheese B. Fruit & milk C. Vegetables, dip and juice D. Pretzels and milk

Correct answer: B The fruit and milk snack has the least amount of salt. Modeling this behavior: Follow these practices to help control blood pressure and improve children’s health today and in the future: - Eat lots of fruits and vegetables. - Eat beans, nuts, and seeds. - Have at 2-3 servings of low-fat dairy products daily. - Eat less meat, poultry, and fish (6 oz. or less daily). - Eat whole grain foods.

If you drink alcoholic beverages, be sensible, drink in moderation. What percentage of Wisconsin high school students drink alcoholic beverages? A.12% B.28% C.47% D.65%

Correct answer: 47% of High School Students reported having at least one alcoholic drink in the past 30 days. Modeling this behavior: Adults who consume alcoholic beverages, should drink in moderation – 1 drink per day for women, 2 for men. Those who should not drink any alcohol include:  Children and adolescents.  Individuals of any age who cannot restrict their drinking to moderate levels.  Women who are pregnant or may become pregnant.  Anyone who plans to drive/operate machinery.  Anyone taking medications that can interact with alcohol.