Long Term Data Preservation for Global Change Study GUO Huadong Feb.01,2011 Geneva, Switzerland

Impact of Global Change 2 Snow reduce Island Disappear Glacier retreat lake area reduces East Juyanhai 1986/6/92002/5/28 Prairie degeneration, Beijing Glacier,09 July

Impact of Global Change 3 Mudrock flow nujiang dongyue river, 2010 Flood,liu zhou, guanxi 2009 Arid,2009 Typhoon,2010,No.3, Chanthu Snow disaster,2009,hunan Heat wave, 2009, Jun

National S&T Plan Mid-Long Term Science and Technology Development Plan ( ) Mid-Long Term Science and Technology Development Plan ( ) Earth system processes and their effect on resources, environment and disasters; Influential mechanism and extent of human activities on the earth system; Global changes and regional responses. 4

National Research Support Recently Global change studies have been supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology ( MOST), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) % 32.2 % 17.5 % MOST US$ 76.08million CAS US$ million NSFC US$ million

Chinese Earth Observation Satellites Meteorological Satellites Polar Orbit FY-1 A, B, C, D 4 Geo-stationary FY-2A, 2B, 2C,2D,2E 3 Marine Satellite HY-1 1 Resource Satellites (CBERS, ZY, Beijing, Yaogan, Tsinghua) 7 Environmental and Disaster Monitoring Satellites 2 Communication Satellites 7 Navigation Satellites Beidou -1 3 Return Land Satellites 17 Scientific experiment Satellites 15 Spacecrafts SZ –1, 2, 3, 4, 5,

Chinese Meteorological Satellites Programs – FY-1 Series: China's 1st Generation of Polar Meteorological Satellites(4 satellites) – FY-2: The First Generation of Geostationary Meteorological Satellite of China – FY3:Polar Meteorological Satellite (9/2008 launch) Chinese Earth Observation Satellites Meteorology Satellites of China - NSMC FY-3, Polar Orbit, 5/2008 FY-1 FY-1 Polar Orbit FY-2 Geostationary

Tentative Schedule for Future FY Series

HY-1 satellite To detect the marine environmental parameters of the China Seas, including chlorophyll concentration, suspended sediment concentration, dissolved organic matter, pollutants, as well as sea surface temperature. Chinese Earth Observation Satellite Ocean Satellites of China - NSOAC HY-1B, 1/4/2007 Suspended sediment distribution Red tide HY-1 Application SST Future HY-2

The first CBERS (CBRES-1) was successfully launched on October 14, 1999 and the second one (CBERS-02) was on October 21, PayloadsCCD Focal distance (mm) /500 Band (μm) 1: : : : : : : : : : : Spatial resolution 19.5M 6,7,8: 78M 9: 156M 256M Temperature resolution 1.2K Swath113KM119.5KM890KM Speed (Mb/s)53× Pixels5812 6,7,8: : FOV8.32 º 8.8 º 59.6 º Orbit778km Chinese Earth Observation Satellite Earth Resources Satellites --CBERS CBERS

The first stage: 3 satellites 2 optical satellites+ 1 SAR satellites HJ-1-A/B HJ-1-C The first stage: 3 satellites 2 optical satellites+ 1 SAR satellites HJ-1-A/B HJ-1-C The second stage: 8 satellites 4 optical satellites+4 SAR satellites The second stage: 8 satellites 4 optical satellites+4 SAR satellites HJ-1 small satellite constellation HJ-1-A/B Chinese Earth Observation Satellites HJ-1-C

CEODE, CAS CEODE Center for Earth Observation and Digital Earth Belongs to Chinese Academy of Sciences. Established on August 23, 2007 by merging three CAS units: – Remote Sensing Satellite Center – Airborne Remote Sensing Center – Laboratory of Digital Earth Sciences. CEODE is committed to: operation of spaceborne and airborne earth observation system and related data services, as well as the exploration of technologies for earth observation and their application demonstrations.

CEODE-A National Research Institute Director General Division for Operation of Airborne Remote Sensing Satellite Remote Sensing Center Division for Operation of Satellite Ground Systems Ground System Engineering Division Satellite Data Pre- processing Division The Miyun Ground Station The Sanya Ground Station Division for the Airplane Engineering Division for Optical System Engineering Division for Data Preprocessing Division for Micro- wave System Engineering Division of Digital Earth System Division of Digital Land Division of Microwave Earth Observation Division of Digital Ocean and Atmosphere Division of Optical Earth Observation Section for Data Management Section for Data Technology Section for Customer Service Spatial Data CenterLab. of Digital Earth Sciences Airborne Remote Sensing Center Section for Value Added Products Collaborative Research Unit CAS-NRCAN Capacity Building Center Joint Centre for Spatial Information CEODE- CRCSI Joint Laboratory for Remote Sensing and Archeology Joint Lab. for Environmental RS and Data Assimilation The Kashi Ground Station Spatial Technology Application Center for International Culture and Natural Heritage

CEODE: Satellite Data Receiving Station System

Miyun Receiving Station (Northern China)

Kashi Receiving Station (Western China)

Sanya Receiving Station (Southern China)

EO Data Acquisition & Archiving Satellite Data Received by CEODE International Satellites Optical Satellite LANDSAT LANDSAT SPOT – 2002 SPOT SPOT SPOT RESOURCESAT Radar Satellite ENVISAT ERS ERS RADARSAT RADARSAT Domestic Satellites Optical Satellite CBERS – 2003 CBERS CBERS-02B HJ-1A HJ-1B Over 2.50 million scenes of satellite data have been acquired and preserved at CEODE since 1986, providing a precious database for the earth observation.

Two Cessna Citation S/II Aircrafts Two ARJ ER Aircrafts More than 12 sensors operating from visible-infrared to microwave bands CEODE: Airborne Remote Sensing System

EO Data Acquisition & Archiving Over 50TB data from different kinds of sensor has been acquired. Played a key role in Wenchuan earthquake (2008) and Yushu earthquake(2010) monitoring, Beijing Olympic village construction(2000~2009), as well as other scientific researches.

The value of historic data is not decreased with time passing by. Necessary for long term scientific researches and environmental monitoring applications. LTDP is a common knowledge in EO field, and the trend for LTDP increased strongly in the past years. Organizations, e.g. USGS, ESA, as well as CEODE, are making efforts to archive LTDP. Challenges existing at the points: proper preservation, safe and efficient accessing, data archiving equipment and media evolution, etc. Long Term Data Preservation

Before 1999 HDDT mainly Evolution of Data Archiving at CEODE 1999 ~ 2008 DLT / SDLT / AIT mainly After 2008 Massive Archiving & Management System

Data Massive Archiving & Management System Giving up the old mode of disperse processing system with its own tape driver. Built CEODEs central Massive Archiving System for all the archived raw data and to be used for all processing systems. Fiber channel and SATA disk arrays, tape robot, are being used. LTO tape used as the permanent archiving media. Automatic management for data archiving, retrieving and migration. Example: Projects for LTDP SPOT-5 system LANDSAT system SPOT-5 system LANDSAT system ENVISAT system RESOURCESAT system ENVISAT system RESOURCESAT system

Projects for LTDP Data Remote Backup System Located at Miyun Station, 100km away from CEODE headquarter. To achieve the purpose of data double preservation. Dual site mode of data archiving, backup, as well we being accessed from other sites. Data retrieving from the other sites in case of local data or media problem.

Catalogue & Browse System Containing the catalogue and browse image for all the spaceborne EO data of CEODE. On-line and open to the world. Users are allowed to query and then to send their requirements. A window to make the data be accessed and used for scientific researches and remote sensing applications. Projects for LTDP

973 project - Comprehensive Experiment 26 There are two experimental areas: one is the roof of the world and the other an area dramatically altered by human activities. Understanding change in these two areas can help contribute to deeper understanding of humankind on global change. These two areas in China represent specific natural and human environments where multi-scale remotely collected data (both aircraft and spacecraft) can be mutually supportive for global change research. Develop Methods for Using Multi-scale Observations for Studying Sensitive Global Change Mechanisms.

Global Change Studies with EO 27 Tibet Plateau Test Site

ENVISAT RADARSAT LANDSAT SPOT Bohai Bay Test Site Global Change Studies with EO

Pearl River Delta Area: Urbanization

Environment Change Studies Glacier Movement 30 Glacier movement by InSAR Donkemadi South Asian brown cloud to climate and Tibet Plateau glacier melting influence

EO raw data: the recorder for the change of the Earth. The aged data has shown its importance for the global change and can support to IPCC. Necessity of LTDP increased strongly in the past years. The challenges of LTDP come from the huge volume and the evolution of archiving media. Should be doing efforts to achieve the data archiving safer and more efficient.