Objective 2.01 Understand Safety Procedures

Environmental Safety Basic Emergency Response Immediate actions to save lives protect property protect the environment meet basic human needs

Prepare Plan Organize Train…ask for training on new equipment Pratice…i.e. fire drills, evacuation drills, etc

Respond Awareness of the situation Activate key resources Act!

Recover Short-term recovery is immediate Long-term recovery may take months or years

Four main reasons for using proper body mechanics: Muscles work best when used correctly. Correct use makes lifting, pulling and pushing easier. Correct use prevents unnecessary fatigue and strain saves energy. Correct body mechanics prevents injury to self.

Basics of Body Mechanics 1. Use a broad base of support. 2. Don’t twist and lift. 3. Don’t bend for long periods of time. 4. Get help if the load is too heavy. 5. Bend from the hips and knees, not the waist. 6. Use the strongest muscles to do the job. 7. Push or pull using the weight of your body. 8. Carry objects close to the body.

Basic Safety Information Never use solutions from bottles that are not labeled Never used electrical cords that are frayed Fill out an incident report if a patient or employee falls

Environmental Safety Read policy and procedure manual When starting a new job make sure you know the policies and procedures so you remain within facility guidelines

Environmental Safety Use electrical equipment in a dry area, free from water Keep area clean and neat Observe all safety precautions Frequently check for safety hazards and report unsafe situations

Environmental Safety Hazardous Materials Employer must inform employee of chemicals or other hazards in the workplace Handling liquids read label at least 3 times never mix solutions store solutions in a locked cabinet This symbol means material May be contaminated or Contain Infectious pathogens.

This sign is found near radiation treatment areas or x-ray facilities This sign is used on damaged or dangerous equipment

Sign indicates area in which compressed oxygen is being used. No smoking or open flames should be present in these areas. This sign indicates which type of personal protective equipment must be worn before entering a specific area. Can also indicate specific safety hazards

Sign placed in areas that are highly contaminated and should only be entered by trained individuals who are wearing the proper protective equipment

Required by Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Must have a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for every liquid, chemical, cleaning product in the facility No label = hazardous material

Fire SafetyFuel Heat Oxygen

Causes of Fire 1.Carelessness with smoking and matches 2.Misuse of electricity 3.Defects in heating systems 4.Spontaneous ignition 5.Improper rubbish disposal 6.Arson

Types of Fire Extinguishers Class A- (pressurized water) Use on combustibles. For ordinary materials such as paper, cloth, wood, and cardboard. When using a fire extinguisher you should release the lock pin and discharge extinguisher using a side-to- side motion. Stand 6-10 feet away while using.

Class B- (carbon dioxide CO2 ) Use flammable or combustible liquids. For gasoline, oil, paint, liquid, cooking fats, etc. Leaves a powdery, snow like residue that irritates the skin and eyes. If water is used on these types of fires, it will spread.

Class C- (dry chemical-contains potassium bicarbonate or potassium chloride). *Use on electrical fires. *For energized electrical equipment such as power tools, appliances, and switches. *Water is particularly dangerous because of the risk of electrical shock.

Class ABC –(graphite-type chemical) Use on all fires. Multipurpose extinguisher.

Pull lock pin Sweep side to side at base of fire Stand 6 – 10 feet away

In Case of Fire…. 1. Remain calm 2. Sound alarm 3.Close all doors and windows 4. Shut off all electrical equipment and O2

What is your facility’s fire safety plan? Remove patients from harm Sound the alarm Close all doors and windows (CONTAIN) Shut off electrical equipment and oxygen Extinguish RACERACE

Obey No Smoking signs Extinguish matches, cigarettes, and other flammable items completely Dispose of all waster materials in proper containers Before using electrical equipment, check for damaged cords or improper grounding. Prevention is best!

More Prevention… Avoid overloading electrical outlets. Store flammable materials in proper containers and in safe areas. If you spill a flammable liquid, wipe it up immediately.

Do not allow clutter to accumulate in rooms, closets, doorways or traffic areas. Make sure nothing is blocking fire exits. When oxygen is in use, post a No- Smoking – Oxygen in Use sign. Remove all smoking materials from the room.

Using a fire extinguisher 1. Pull the pin, release a lock, latch, or press a puncture lever. 2. Aim the extinguisher nozzle or hose at the base of the fire. 3. Squeeze or press the handle. 4. Sweep from side to side at the base of the fire. PASSPASS

Healthcare Professional Safety Walk, don’t run Report injury, accident or unsafe situation Wash hands frequently Wear safety glasses when risk of eye injury Always follow instructions

Study of workplace design and equipment used by employees that improve Comfort Efficiency Safety Ease of use Reduces risk of injury i.e. wheelchairs, lifts, etc. Healthcare Professional Safety - Ergonomics

Other Emergency Procedures Spills Get the MSDS Read the label for instructions on proper clean-up Report the incident to supervisor Receive appropriate first aid

Blood and Body Fluids Exposure Wash or flush with water Report exposure to supervisor Discuss with facility’s exposure control manager Follow appropriate post exposure treatment

Foreign Body in Eye Do not remove object Seek immediate medical attention Notify supervisor

Chemical Injury to Eye Rinse with copious amounts of water Seek immediate medical attention Notify supervisor

Patient Safety Assure patient safety after procedures position bed at lowest level side rails up wheels locked place call bell within patient’s reach

Illness and Injury Prevention Requires employees to: Use products as directed Understand potential hazards Store products and equipment properly Right to immunizations if high-risk for exposure within the first 10 days of work

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Concerned with causes, spread, and control of diseases in population Focus Areas: Adverse Events Hand Hygiene/Standard Precautions/Infection Control Injection Practices

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Creates and enforces standards that apply specifically to healthcare facilities (i.e. PPE) Main Focus Areas for Healthcare Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals Standards Bloodborne Pathogen Standard Conducts workplace inspections

International and National Joint Commission on Safety Promotes specific improvements in patient safety Highlight problematic areas in healthcare Requirements focus on system wide solutions Standards are evaluated and updated annually as necessary Pt care standards within healthcare agency

FDA Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Responsible for protecting and advancing public health. Regulates food and drug products sold to the public.