SSUSH19: The student will identify the origins, major developments, and the domestic impact of World War ll, especially the growth of the federal government.

a. Explain A. Philip Randolph’s proposed march on Washington, D.C., and President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s response. A. Philip Randolph marched to D.C. to fight against segregation in the US Armed Forces. A. Philip Randolph marched to D.C. to fight against segregation in the US Armed Forces. Establishing protections against Establishing protections against Discrimination. Discrimination. Tried to pressure the government Tried to pressure the government and President FDR into equal and President FDR into equal rights for everyone to be in the rights for everyone to be in the Military. Military. “If it cost money to finance a march on Washington, let Negroes pay for it. If any sacrifices are made for Negro rights in National Defense, let Negroes make them.” “If it cost money to finance a march on Washington, let Negroes pay for it. If any sacrifices are made for Negro rights in National Defense, let Negroes make them.”

FDR’s Response Tried to persuade Randolph out of it. Tried to persuade Randolph out of it. When persuasion failed, Executive order 8802 was issued. Barring discrimination in defense industries and federal bureaus. When persuasion failed, Executive order 8802 was issued. Barring discrimination in defense industries and federal bureaus. The Fair Employment Act The Fair Employment Act –Required all contracts of Federal Agencies have a provision stating not to “discriminate against someone of a different race, color, creed, or nationality in reasons of employment.” When this occurred, the March was called off. When this occurred, the March was called off.

Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor Also called “Operation Z” by Japanese Imperial General Headquarters. Also called “Operation Z” by Japanese Imperial General Headquarters. Surprise! Surprise! December 7 th, 1941 December 7 th, 1941 Conducted by the Imperial Japanese Navy Conducted by the Imperial Japanese Navy War Declared on Japan the next day. War Declared on Japan the next day. –Resulting into the US entry into World War ll. b. Explain the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and the internment of Japanese- Americans, German-Americans, and Italian-Americans.

Main Goals of the Japanese for the Attack  Destroy the Aircraft Carriers –They were out at sea, away from the Harbor.  Destroy as many of the other ships as possible (Mainly Battleships)- USS Arizona completely sunk killing 1177 crew members. –Cripple the US Navy in attempt to immobilize them for a target of 6 months  Destroy the Oil Supply –Would potentially immobilize the Pacific Fleet for a estimated span of 2 years.

Japanese Internment Relocation and Internment of approx. 110,000 Japanese American citizens. Relocation and Internment of approx. 110,000 Japanese American citizens. Japanese Americans who were too close to the Pacific Coast. Japanese Americans who were too close to the Pacific Coast. Government afraid of spies. Government afraid of spies. Referred to as “War Relocation Camps” Referred to as “War Relocation Camps” FDR authorized the Internment with Executive order 9066 on February 19 th, 1942 FDR authorized the Internment with Executive order 9066 on February 19 th, 1942 –Allowed Military commanders to designate exclusion areas for Japanese American “terrorist”.

f. Compare the geographic locations of the European Theater and the Pacific Theater and the difficulties the U.S. faced in delivering weapons, food, and medical supplies to troops. European Theater Fighting was primarily land-based Fighting was primarily land-based Large scale bombing raids Large scale bombing raids More countries involved More countries involved German soldier tended to surrender when defeat was apparent German soldier tended to surrender when defeat was apparent Pacific Theater Fighting was primarily at sea or launched from sea Fighting was primarily at sea or launched from sea Island hopping & island invasions Island hopping & island invasions More up-close fighting More up-close fighting Japanese land soldiers & Kamikaze pilots would fight to the death Japanese land soldiers & Kamikaze pilots would fight to the death

Lend Lease Program Was a program under the United States Was a program under the United States Supplied UK, Soviet Union, China, France and other allied nations with a vast amounts of war material Supplied UK, Soviet Union, China, France and other allied nations with a vast amounts of war material Signed into law on March 11 th, 1941 Signed into law on March 11 th, 1941 This act ended American neutrality This act ended American neutrality Hitler recognized this and in response ordered German submarines to attack U.S vessels Hitler recognized this and in response ordered German submarines to attack U.S vessels c. Explain major events; include the lend- lease program, the Battle of Midway, D- Day, and the fall of Berlin.

Battle of Midway Was the most important naval battle in the Pacific in WWII Was the most important naval battle in the Pacific in WWII June , approx six months after Pearl Harbor June , approx six months after Pearl Harbor Major win for the U.S, as they defeated the Imperial Japanese Navy Major win for the U.S, as they defeated the Imperial Japanese Navy Caused irreparable damage to the Japanese Fleet Caused irreparable damage to the Japanese Fleet Led to the beginning of “Island-Hopping” Led to the beginning of “Island-Hopping”

Battle of Midway How did the Battle of Midway change the war in the Pacific? How did the Battle of Midway change the war in the Pacific?

Island-Hopping Counter-offensive strike Counter-offensive strike Capture specific islands to take power away from the elite Japanese pacific fleet. Capture specific islands to take power away from the elite Japanese pacific fleet. Gen. MacArthur Gen. MacArthur –Commander of Allied forces in the SW Pacific

D-Day The landing of the Allied invasion along the beaches of Normandy, France The landing of the Allied invasion along the beaches of Normandy, France AKA Operation Overlord and Neptune during WWII AKA Operation Overlord and Neptune during WWII June 6 th 1944 June 6 th 1944 Conducted in two phases: Conducted in two phases:  Air Assault- landing of 24,000 British, American, Canadian, and Free French airborne troops.  Amphibious landing- of Allied infantry on the coast of France Mass numbers of casualties on both sides Mass numbers of casualties on both sides Allied Victory! Allied Victory!

Facts of D-Day Was the largest amphibious invasion of all time, with 160,000 troops Was the largest amphibious invasion of all time, with 160,000 troops Over 5,000 ships were in use Over 5,000 ships were in use Total width of the D-Day invasion= 61.7 miles Total width of the D-Day invasion= 61.7 miles Until the very last minute, Normandy was the most heavily guarded secret Until the very last minute, Normandy was the most heavily guarded secret 17 Million maps supported the mission, Training maps used fake names 17 Million maps supported the mission, Training maps used fake names

Fall of Berlin Final Chapter of the destruction of Hitler’s 3 rd Reich. Final Chapter of the destruction of Hitler’s 3 rd Reich. –April 16 th, 1945 Stalin’s 20 armies (Russia) Stalin’s 20 armies (Russia) –6300 tanks and 8500 aircraft Allies held off to give Soviets a Free-Hand Allies held off to give Soviets a Free-Hand Huge Artillery Barrage and Air-Raid on April 20 th ….. Hitler’s Birthday. Huge Artillery Barrage and Air-Raid on April 20 th ….. Hitler’s Birthday.

d. Describe war mobilization, as indicated by rationing, war-time conversion, and the role of women in war industries.

War Mobilization To prepare the country for war Roosevelt created the War Production Board to help regulate the switch to war time production To prepare the country for war Roosevelt created the War Production Board to help regulate the switch to war time production The automobile industry switched to almost exclusively making tanks, jeeps, trucks, and airplanes The automobile industry switched to almost exclusively making tanks, jeeps, trucks, and airplanes

Rationing With the onset of WWII, many challenges confronted the American people With the onset of WWII, many challenges confronted the American people Rationing of food, gas, and even clothing were common Rationing of food, gas, and even clothing were common Americans were asked to conserve on everything Americans were asked to conserve on everything

Role of Woman Over 6 million woman took wartime jobs in factories or took the filling role for men Over 6 million woman took wartime jobs in factories or took the filling role for men 3 million woman volunteered with the red cross 3 million woman volunteered with the red cross And over 200,000 woman served in the military And over 200,000 woman served in the military The most famous propaganda tool used to draw women into the workforce was “Rosie the Riveter” The most famous propaganda tool used to draw women into the workforce was “Rosie the Riveter”

Los Alamos and the Atom Bomb Also known as “Site Y” and the Los Alamos National Laboratory. Also known as “Site Y” and the Los Alamos National Laboratory. Los Alamos, New Mexico Los Alamos, New Mexico Largest science and technology institution in the world. Largest science and technology institution in the world. One of the places the atomic bomb was created. One of the places the atomic bomb was created. e. Describe Los Alamos and the scientific, economic, and military implications of developing the atomic bomb.

The Atomic Bomb We wanted to beat the Germans. We wanted to beat the Germans. –Develop the bomb and create enriched Uranium before the Nazis did. Manhattan Project Manhattan Project –$2 billion ($22 billion today) –30 different sites. 10 on Manhattan Island (Project Name) Made it for intimidation….. Turned into a weapon of Mass Destruction. Made it for intimidation….. Turned into a weapon of Mass Destruction. –We dropped 2 on Japan in the cities Hiroshima and Nagasaki –This totally devastated their country.

Fat Man and Little Boy (The bombs dropped on Japan by the Enola Gay) Fat Man and Little Boy (The bombs dropped on Japan by the Enola Gay) Hit NagasakiHit Hiroshima