CN2140 Server II Kemtis Kunanuraksapong MSIS with Distinction MCT, MCITP, MCTS, MCDST, MCP, A+

Agenda Chapter 1: Introduction to Networking Concepts Exercise Lab Quiz

TCP/IP Protocol Suite Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol Subnet ▫Subdividing TCP/IP networks into smaller groupings Subnet mask ▫Used to identify which network the TCP/IP host resides on Default gateway ▫Allows a host to communicate with devices that reside on a remote network or location

IP Addressing Each IP address consists of two components: ▫Network address — This portion of the IP address is shared by all TCP/IP hosts on a particular network or subnet. ▫Host address — This comprises the portion of the IP address that is unique to a particular computer or host. Both combined form a unique IP address across an entire TCP/IP network

IPv4 Addressing The most commonly used version used today Based on 32-bits (four bytes, or octets) ▫2 32 (4,294,967,296) possible addresses IPv4 addresses are commonly represented using what is called dotted-decimal notation: ▫ ▫ ▫

Classful Addressing Each network class had a different maximum number of nodes ▫The first one to four bits identified the network class, and the remaining bits comprised the network and host address fields ▫Class A ▫Class B ▫Class C  See Table 1-2 and 1-3 on Page 4 and 5

Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) The number of masked bits is specified with the CIDR notation Example: ▫ /8  8 bits masked  24 bits for host numbering

Classless Addressing Examples /24 ▫Subnet mask is ▫Network address is ▫Host address is /16 ▫Subnet mask is ▫Network address is ▫Host address is

Subnetting Logical partitioning of an organization’s network address range into smaller blocks Network Address (Enterprise/corporation): ▫ /16 Site 1 has network address of: ▫ /24 Site 2 has network address of: ▫ /24

Subnetting Example Network Address (Enterprise/corporation): /16 ▫Default Subnet mask is Site 1 has network address of: ▫With subnetting, the subnet mask becomes Site 2 has network address of: ▫With subnetting, the subnet mask becomes

Network Address Translation (NAT) Hosts using private network addresses can communicate with public networks only by using network address translation (NAT), Enables routing by mapping their private network address to a different, routable network address.

Loopback Address Specifies itself at address

IPv6 Addressing IPv6 addresses are 128 bits in length and expressed in hexadecimal notation ▫2001:0db8:85a3:08d3:13 ▫19:8a2e:0370:7334 If an IPv6 address contains a series of sequential zeroes, the address can be shortened ▫2001:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:7334 ▫2001:0:0:0:0:0:0:7334 ▫2001::7334

Domain Name System (DNS) Translates from Host name to IP addresses HOSTS files also translate from Host name to IP addresses See Figure 1-1 on Page 7

Traditional Top-Level Domain Names.com – Commercial.edu – Education.gov – Agencies of U.S. federal government.net – Computers of network providers and ISPs.org – nongovernmental and nonprofit organizations

Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) Describes the exact relationship between a host and its DNS domain Example: computer1.sales.adatum.com. ▫Host name is computer1 ▫In the sales domain, which is in the adatum second-level domain, which is in the.com top- level domain, which is under the “.” root domain.

Static Addresses When administering TCP/IP hosts, you can assign static IP addresses ▫Must be configured and maintained manually

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Simplifies the problem by automating the assigning, tracking, and reassigning of IP addresses. Also to provide other important settings such as the default gateway, subnet mask, DNS, and so on. DHCP Relay Agent ▫See Figure 1-2 on Page 11

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) DHCPDISCOVER DHCPOFFER DHCPREQUEST DHCPACK

Network Access Protection (NAP) Windows Server 2008 provides the Network Access Protection platform, which provides a policy enforcement mechanism to control access to a 2008 network ▫Quarantine the device such as laptop that does not have anti-virus

Assignment Summarize the chapter in your own word ▫At least 75 words ▫Due BEFORE class start on Thursday IP Address subnetting Due BEFORE class over on Thursday Lab 1 ▫Due BEFORE class start on Monday

Assignment – IP Address Subnetting For full credit, you have to legibly demonstrate or illustrate how did you get the answer. The correct answer must include ▫Subnet Mask ▫Highest and lowest assignable IP address IP Address ▫ /21 ▫ /5 ▫ /14 ▫ /28