Business Computing 550 Lesson 2

Fundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition Chapter 4 Telecommunications, the Internet, Intranets, and Extranets

An Overview of Telecommunications Telecommunications –The electronic transmission of signals for communications Telecommunications medium –Any material substance that carries an electronic signal to support communications between a sending and receiving device Fundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition3

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5 Channel Bandwidth The rate at which data is exchanged Broadband communications –A telecommunications system that can exchange data very quickly

Fundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition6 Communications Media Guided transmission media types –Many utilities, cities, and organizations are experimenting with broadband over power lines (BPL) Wireless technologies –Broadcast of communications in one of three frequency ranges: microwave, radio, and infrared –Near Field Communication (NFC) –Bluetooth –Ultra wideband (UWB) –Wi-Fi

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8 Telecommunications Hardware Devices include: –Modems, multiplexers, PBXs and front-end processors that enable electronic communications to occur or occur more efficiently Switches, bridges, routers and gateways –Devices for sending packets of data through one or more networks

Fundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition9 Services Digital subscriber line (DSL) –Telecommunications service that delivers high- speed Internet access to homes and small businesses over the existing phone lines Asymmetric DSL (ADSL) line –Does not require an additional phone line and yet provides “always-on” Internet access Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) –Enables voice conversations to be converted into packets of data that can be sent over a data network

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Networks and Distributed Processing Computer network –Communications media, devices, and software needed to connect two or more computer systems and/or devices Network nodes –Computers and devices on the networks Fundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition11

Network Types Personal area network (PAN) –Wireless network that connects information technology devices within a range of 33 feet or so Local area network (LAN) –Connects computer systems and devices within a small area, such as an office Metropolitan area network (MAN) –Connects users and their computers in a geographical area Wide area network (WAN) –Connects large geographic regions Fundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition12

Fundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition13 Distributed Processing Centralized processing –All processing occurs in a single location or facility Decentralized processing –Processing devices are placed at various remote locations Distributed processing –Computers are placed at remote locations but connected to each other via a network

Fundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition14 Client/Server Systems Multiple computer platforms are dedicated to special functions, such as: –Database management, printing, communications, and program execution

Fundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition15 Communications Protocols Set of rules that govern the exchange of information over a communications channel Protocols –Govern several levels of a telecommunications network

Fundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition16 Communications Software Network operating system (NOS) –Systems software that controls the computer systems and devices on a network and allows them to communicate with each other Network management software –Simplifies the process of updating files and programs on computers on the network