1.What do you think this ad for butter is trying to communicate to consumers? 2.Did the advertiser explain all of this to you, or did you have to infer the message? 3.Why is it more effective, in this case, to use an image, rather than words?

Figurative Language Definition Language that the author uses to:

Figurative Language Uses Manipulate your emotions Deepen your understanding of an idea Communicate many things at once

Metaphor Definition Comparing two unlike things, where one is like a symbol of the other

Metaphor Uses It helps you to understand something more deeply

Metaphor Example She’s a doll He’s a dream My baby brother is a pig My room is a pig sty That thief who stole my wallet is a stinky rat!

Personification Definition When the author gives an animal, an object, or an idea, human qualities

Personification Uses It helps you to understand something more deeply

Personification Examples

I could hear the cake calling my name My computer threw a fit last night! The clouds wept and their tears drenched the hills The thunder grumbled like an old man

Hyperbole Definition An intentional or deliberate exaggeration

Hyperbole Uses It usually sparks an emotional response in the reader.

Hyperbole Example This is the best thing that’s ever happened to me! He’s got tons of money I’m so hungry I could eat a horse I’ve told you a million times to do your homework

Imagery Definition Words and phrases that appeal to the reader’s 5 senses

Imagery Uses Helps the reader to imagine how things look, feel, smell, taste, or sound

Imagery Examples His scream was a hurricane of fury Everyone froze in awe when she walked into the cafeteria Her eyes were so full of tears that they gushed into a flood on her cheeks The pain of their words filled his bones to the core

Imagery Example She breezed through the room like a gentle wind The eerie silence was shattered by her scream The drink was hot and sweet, like candy and summer At the end of the day, I let the soft bed swallow me up The hot drink that filled my nose with the scent of Christmas

Simile Definition Comparing two things using the words “like” or “as”

Simile Uses Helps the reader to understand something they are not familiar with, by comparing it to something they are familiar with

Simile Example Her smile was like the summer His words felt as sharp and hot as flaming knives The story swallowed me up like a starving lion The humiliation seeped like water into my bones

Alliteration Definition The repetition of sounds at the beginning of words

Alliteration Uses Helps change the rhythm or mood of a poem or story It engages the reader in the text

Alliteration Examples Daisy, do a dollup! The wind whispered across the wide and weary earth It sank like salt into broken bones The tears sank to my skin as my heart filled with sadness They froze in fear as his words fell quietly to the floor

Onomatopoeia Definition The use of words whose sounds echo their meanings

Onomatopoeia Uses Helps give life to the writing

Onomatopoeia Examples Buzz Croak Zip Beep

Stanza Definition A group of 2 or more lines that form a unit in a poem

Stanza Uses Separates ideas in a poem, just like a paragraph or chapter would in a story They can have the same # of lines or a different # of lines

Stanza Example Oh, give us pleasure in the flowers to-day; And give us not to think so far away As the uncertain harvest; keep us here All simply in the springing of the year. Oh, give us pleasure in the orchard white, Like nothing else by day, like ghosts by night; And make us happy in the happy bees, The swarm dilating round the perfect trees. And make us happy in the darting bird That suddenly above the bees is heard, The meteor that thrusts in with needle bill, And off a blossom in mid air stands still. For this is love and nothing else is love, The which it is reserved for God above To sanctify to what far ends He will, But which it only needs that we fulfill. 4 stanzas

Symbol Definition A person, place, object, or activity that stands for something beyond itself

Symbol Uses Helps the author to communicate many ideas and/or feelings at once Gives ideas a deeper meaning

Symbol Example Chain can symbolize coming together Black can be used to represent death The black swallowed her up as her eyes softly shut A rock can represent a person The rock stood sturdy against the assault of the waves