Latinos, Population Growth and American Politics Population Resource Center October 5, 2006 Rodolfo O. de la Garza Columbia University & Tomás Rivera Policy Institute

state Pop/ Sq. mi. California36,132,1471,485, Texas22,859,9683,048, Florida 17,789, , New York 19,254,630 7,268,894340, Rhode Island 1,076, ,55668, Pennsylvania12,429,6166,302,115434,373274

U. S. Population by Race and Hispanic/Latino Origin, Census 2000 and July 1, 2005 Race & Hispanic/Latino origin July 1, 2005, population 1 Percent of population Census 2000, population % of population Total Population296,410, %281,421, % White237,854, ,460, Black or African American37,909, ,658, American Indian& Alaska Nat2,863, ,475, Asian12,687, ,242, Native Hawaiian/Pac Islander516, , Two or more races4,579, ,826, Some other racen.a. 2 n.a. 15,359, Hispanic or Latino42,687, ,305,

Estimated and Projected Hispanic Population, 1950– 2050 Sources: Historical estimates for 1950–1990 from Passel and Edmonston 1994; projections based on Census 2000 from Passel 2003.

States with Largest Latino Populations 2000 State Pop.Latino Pop. % of U.S. Latino Pop Cumulative % California32,666,55010,112, % Texas19,759,6145,862, %45.3% New York18,175,3012,624,9287.4%52.7% Florida14,915,9802,243,4416.4%59.0% Illinois12,045,3261,224,3093.5%62.5% New Jersey8,115,0111,004,0112.8%65.4% Arizona4,668,6311,033,8222.9%68.3% New Mexico1,736,931700,2892.0%70.3% Colorado3,970,971577,5161.6%71.9% Massachusetts6,147,132377,0161.1%73.0% Total Latino 122,201,447 35,300,000

Growth Rate of Latino Population, by State: 1990– 2000 Source: Based on Decennial Census data.

23 States Where Latinos are the Largest Minority Group 2000 Census

Nativity Total Hispanic Nativity by Hispanic Origin MexicanPuerto RicanCuban Central American South American Other Hispanic #%#%#%#%#%#%#% Total 40, , , , , , , Native24, , , , , Foreign Born 16, , , , ,

Non-U.S. Citizens as a Share of the Adult Latino Population, Year Latino Adults Non-U.S. Citizens % Non-U.S. Citizen 19766,594,0001,876, % 19808,210,0002,645, % 19849,471,0003,027, % ,893,0004,815, % ,688,0005,910, % ,426,0007,217, % ,598,0008,439, % ,129,00011,041, % Source : US Census

Table 3: Latino Adult Voters, Adult Citizen Non- Voters, and Adult Non-U.S. Citizens, Latino U.S. Citizen Year Latino Voters Latino Non-VotersNon-U.S. Citizen 19762,098,0002,620,0001,876, ,453,0003,112,0002,645,000 % Change %18.8%41.0% 19843,092,0003,622,0003,027,000 % Change %16.4%14.4% 19883,710,0004,368,0004,815,000 % Change %20.6%59.1% 19924,238,0004,540,0005,910,000 % Change %3.9%22.7% 19964,928,0006,281,0007,217,000 % Change %38.3%22.1% 20005,934,0007,224,0008,440,000 % Change %175.7%349.9% Source: Louis DeSipio and Rodolfo de la Garza,2004. Muted Voices: Latinos and the 2000 Elections, Rowman and Littlefield, Boulder Colorado

Table 2: Latino Voters by State, 2000 State # of Latino Registered Voters% Cumulative % % of Latino Voters in 11states 1CALIFORNIA1, % 29% 2TEXAS1, %50.7%29% 3FLORIDA %61.3%12% 4NEW YORK6038.0%69.3%9% 5ARIZONA3044.0%73.3%5% 6ILLINOIS2623.5%76.8%4% 7NEW MEXICO2393.2%80.0%4% 8NEW JERSEY2122.8%82.8%3% 9COLORADO1992.6%85.4%3% 10VIRGINIA1061.4%86.8%2% 11MASSACHUSETTS1031.4%88.2%2% Total6,654

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, November Voting rates by race and ethnicity

Looking Backward, Moving Forward… No evidence that immigrant activists have attempted to organize around Mexican interests or the government’s political agenda.