Preparation for Jesus Messiah, Son of God Proclamation of Jesus Messiah, Son of God, to Israel Passion and Resurrection of Jesus Messiah, Son of God 1:1 16:214:1716:2028:20 Infant Infant Origins Genealogy Infancy (1:1-17)(1:18-2:23) 1:12:23 Adult Preliminary Events Preaching - John (3:1-12) Baptism(3:13-17) Temptation(4:1-11) Positioning(4:12-16) 3:14:16 Call-Disciples 4: Announcement of Kingdom through Teaching, Preaching, and Healing: (4:23; 9:35; 11:1) 11:111:1 Dual Response to the Announcement Accept by byDisciples Rejection by Israel as Whole 16:20 Announcement of Death and Resurrection (16:21; 17:22-23; 20:17-19) Jesus’ Passion Anticipated in Journey to Jerusalem (16: :34) Jesus’ Passion Anticipated in Confrontations at Jerusalem(21:1-25:46) 16:21 (22) 25:46 Events of Death and Resurrection Trials and Death (26:1- 27:54) Resurrection & Great Commission (27:55- 28:20) 26:1 28:20 From that time Jesus Began.... (4:17) From that time Jesus Began.... (16:21) Sermon On Mount ch Missionary Discourse ch.10 3 Parable Discourse ch.13 4 Community Discourse ch.18 5 Eschatological Discourse ch Five Major Speeches(“Discourses”), Concluding with “When Jesus Finished These Sayings....” or the like (7:28; 11:1/ 16:53; 19:1; 26:1) Matthew 4:16 4:23

● There are 5 major discourses in the Gospel, each one ending with the phrase, “When Jesus finished these sayings....” Discourse 1 (5:1-7:29) Discourse 1 (5:1-7:29)7:28 Discourse 2 (10:1-42) Discourse 2 (10:1-42)11:1 Discourse 3 (13:1-52) Discourse 3 (13:1-52)13:53 Discourse 4 (18:1-35)19:1 Discourse 5 (24:1-25:46) Discourse 5 (24:1-25:46)26:1 ● There is no account of Jesus’ departure in Matthew. The book ends with Jesus speaking…lack of closure…(Just like Mark).

Introduction 1:1-4:16 - Background4:17-28:20 The Presentation of Jesus’ Activity and Ministry All Prior to and Preliminary to the Beginning of Jesus’ Ministry Questions: 1. How, specifically and precisely, does 1:1-4:16 prepare for 4:17- 28:20? What are the main elements involved in this preparation, and what is the meaning of each? How does each of these major preparatory elements illumine 4:17- 28:20 as a whole and the main elements within 4:17-28:20? 1. How, specifically and precisely, does 1:1-4:16 prepare for 4:17- 28:20? What are the main elements involved in this preparation, and what is the meaning of each? How does each of these major preparatory elements illumine 4:17- 28:20 as a whole and the main elements within 4:17-28:20? 2. Why did the writer include each of these background elements as he did, and why did he thus relate them to the main features in 4:17-20:20? 2. Why did the writer include each of these background elements as he did, and why did he thus relate them to the main features in 4:17-20:20? 3. Implications? 3. Implications?

General  Particular (Twice) - “From that time - “From that time Jesus began to Jesus began to preach and to say show his disciples ‘repent, for the that he must go to kingdom of heaven Jerusalem and is at hand’”. suffer... be killed and be raised.” 4:17- “From that time 16:21- “From that time Jesus began to Jesus began to preach and to say show his disciples ‘repent, for the that he must go to kingdom of heaven Jerusalem and is at hand’”. suffer... be killed and be raised.” Specific proclamation Specifics of Jesus’ of the kingdom showing the disciples to Israel the necessity of his journey to Jerusalem and suffering, death, and resurrection Specific proclamation Specifics of Jesus’ of the kingdom showing the disciples to Israel the necessity of his journey to Jerusalem and suffering, death, and resurrection Particular 4:18-16:20 16:22- 28:20 General Statement

Climax 1:1-25:46 -Movement toward Cross and Resurrection - “With Us” () (1:23) “With Us” ( meqV h`mw/n ) (1:23) VEmmanouh,l( meqV h`mw/n o` qeo,jÅ 26:1-28:20 -Climax of Crucifixion, Resurrection, and Missionary Commissioning - The Promise of Jesus to be “with you” ( evgw. meqV u`mw/n eivmi ) 28:20 Pre-Cross: Ministry Restricted to Israel (10:5-6; 15:24) Post-Cross: Now, to all nations

Questions: 1. In what specific ways does Matthew reach its climax in Chs ? How does this climactic development (including the ultimate climax: the missionary commissioning) illumine both the passion/resurrection narrative and the Gospel as a whole? What is the meaning of this climactic bracketing around the them of “with-ness?” What is the meaning of the movement from restrictive ministry to Israel throughout the Gospel to the climactic breaking out of this restriction toward all-inclusive, word-wide mission? 2. Why did Matthew develop the story in this way toward this kind of climax in the cross, resurrection, and missionary commissioning? Why this bracketing around the them of “with-ness?” Why did he thus link this promise of divine presence through Christ’s presence to the climactic missionary commissioning?

Recurring Words/Themes 1. king, kingdom (1:6; 2:2, 9; 3:2; 4:23; 5:19-20; 6:10, 33; 7:21; 8:11; 9:35; 11:11, 12; 12:25, 26, 28; 13:17, 19, 24, 31, 33, 38, 41, 43-45, 47, 52; 16:19, 28; 17:25; 18:1, 3-4, 23; 19:12, 14, 23-24; 20:1, 21; 21:31, 43; 22:2; 23:13; 24:14; 25:1, 40; 26:29; 27:11, 29, 37, 42) 2. fulfil, fulfillment (1:22; 2:15, 17, 23; 3:15; 4:14; 5:17; 8:17; 12:17; 13:35, 48; 21:4; 23:32; 26:54, 56; 27:9) 3. Son of David (1:1, 4, 17, 20; 9:27; 12:23; 15:22; 20:30-31; 21:9, 15; 22:42, 45) 4. Son of Man (8:20; 9:6; 10:23; 11:19; 12:8, 32, 40; 13:37, 41; 16:13, 27-28; 17:9, 12, 22; 18:11; 19:28; 20:18, 28; 24:27, 30, 37, 39, 44; 25:31; 26:2, 24, 45, 64) 5. Christ (1:1, 16-18; 2:4; 11:2; 16:16, 20; 22:42; 23:10; 24:5, 23; 26:63, 68; 27:17, 22)

Matthew Comparison JesusExpectations for the disciples This recurring comparison involves several elements: 1. Comparison between the mission of Jesus and the mission of the disciples: a. Geographical sphere of ministry. The geographical sphere of ministry both for Jesus (3:13; 4:12, 23) and for the disciples (28:16) is Galilee.

b. Scope of ministry (earthly-time of Jesus): “unto the lost sheep of the house of Israel” (10:5-6; 15:24) b. Scope of ministry (earthly-time of Jesus): “unto the lost sheep of the house of Israel” (10:5-6; 15:24) c. Acts of ministry c. Acts of ministry 1) Both Jesus and the disciples 1) Both Jesus and the disciples teach 2) Both Jesus and the disciples have authority to 2) Both Jesus and the disciples have authority to Cast out demons: a. of Jesus (8:16, 28-34; 9:32-34; 12:22-29; 15:21-28; 17:14-20) b. of disciples (10:1, 8; 17:14-20) Jesus (4:23; 5:1, 19; 7:29; 9:35; 11:1; 13:54; 21:23; 22:1 Disciples (28:19)

3) Both Jesus and the disciples 3) Both Jesus and the disciples preach: a. They preach the same message: “The Gospel of the Kingdom” a. They preach the same message: “The Gospel of the Kingdom” b. The substance of the preaching is the same: “The Kingdom of Heaven is at hand” b. The substance of the preaching is the same: “The Kingdom of Heaven is at hand” d. Significance of ministry 1) Both Jesus and the disciples are sent. As Jesus is sent by God (10:40; 15:24; 21:37), so the disciples are sent by Jesus (10:2, 5, 16; 23:34, 37) 2) Both Jesus (10:40; 18:5) and the disciples (10:2; 5, 16; 23:34, 37) may be “received” ( devcomai ) in their ministries. Jesus (4:23; 9:35) Disciples (26:13; 24:14) Jesus (4:17) Disciples (10:7)

3) The rejection of the disciples’ message carries the same consequences expressed in the same language as those attending the rejection of Jesus’ message (10:15; cf. 11:22-24; also 12:41-42) 3) The rejection of the disciples’ message carries the same consequences expressed in the same language as those attending the rejection of Jesus’ message (10:15; cf. 11:22-24; also 12:41-42) 4) The disciples share in Jesus’ activity of eschatological judgment (cf. 19:28 with 3:7-12; 7:21-23; 25:31-46) 4) The disciples share in Jesus’ activity of eschatological judgment (cf. 19:28 with 3:7-12; 7:21-23; 25:31-46) e. Persecutions attending the ministry : 1) Persecution of Jesus (2:3, 13-23; 9:1-13, 33; 12:1-14, 24-42; 15:1-21; 16:1-12, 21; 20:17-20; 21:12-17, :38; 26:3-5, 47-27:26, 41-45, 62-66) 1) Persecution of Jesus (2:3, 13-23; 9:1-13, 33; 12:1-14, 24-42; 15:1-21; 16:1-12, 21; 20:17-20; 21:12-17, :38; 26:3-5, 47-27:26, 41-45, 62-66) 2) Persecution of disciples (5:10-11; 10:16-22, 38; 13:21; 16:24; 20:22-23; 23:29-36; 24:9-14) 2) Persecution of disciples (5:10-11; 10:16-22, 38; 13:21; 16:24; 20:22-23; 23:29-36; 24:9-14) 3) Persecution of both (10:24-25) 3) Persecution of both (10:24-25)

2. Comparison between the behavior of Jesus and the behavioral expectations for the disciples: a. Instructions of JesusJesus’ activities, as these to his disciplesare narrated by Matthew (5:17-48; 7:12; 12:50; 22:36-40) (3:15; 4:1-11; 20:28; 26:53-56) (5:17-48; 7:12; 12:50; 22:36-40) (3:15; 4:1-11; 20:28; 26:53-56) b. Individual examples: 1) Meekness, lowliness 1) Meekness, lowliness 2) Servanthood 2) Servanthood 3) Mercy 3) Mercy Jesus (11:29; 21:5) Disciples (18:3-4; 23:12) Jesus (20:26-28; also chs. 8-9; 14:13-21; 15:32-39; chs ) Disciples (18:1-4, 10-20; 24:45; 25:14-36) Jesus (9:13, 27, 36; 14:14; 15:22, 25, 32; 17:15; 20:30-34) Disciples (5:7; 9:13; 12:7; 18:33; 23:23)

Questions: 1. What is the meaning of each of these points of similarity between Jesus and the disciples? How do these points of similarity relate to one another and illumine one another? What is the meaning of this recurrence of comparison, i.e., how do the individual occurrences illumine one another and mark development throughout the book? 2. Why did the writer wish to present and emphasize, as he has, these similarities between Jesus and the expectations for the disciples? 3. Implications?

Jewish Audience a. Several references to the fulfillment of O.T. prophecy (1:22-23; 2:5, 6, 15, 18; 3:3; 4:15; 8:17; 11:10; 12:17-21; 13:14-15, 35; 15:7-9; 21:4-5, 16; 21:42; 26:54) b. Repeated references to O.T. Characters (1:1-17, 20; 2:17; 3:9; 8:4, 11, 17; 9:27; 11:14; 12:3, 15, 23, 40, 41, 42; 13:14; 15:7, 22; 16:4, 14; 17:3-4, 10-11; 19:7-8; 20:30-31; 21:9, 15; 22:23, 32, 42, 45; 23:2, 35) c. Concern with Genealogy (1:1-17)

Use of Son-ship language in the comparison between Jesus and the disciples. Both Jesus and the disciples are “sons” of God and “know” God as Father. Although the Matthean Jesus consistently differentiates between “my father” and “your father”, the fact remains that both Jesus and the disciples are identified, respectively, as “son” and “sons” of “the father”. : a. of Jesus : 1) References to Jesus as “Son” (of God) (1:21, 23, 25; 2:15; 3:17; 4:3, 6; 8:29; 11:27; [13:55]; 14:33; 16:16; 17:5; 21:37-38; 22:2, [42], 24:36; 25:63; 27:40, 43, 54; 28:19) 1) References to Jesus as “Son” (of God) (1:21, 23, 25; 2:15; 3:17; 4:3, 6; 8:29; 11:27; [13:55]; 14:33; 16:16; 17:5; 21:37-38; 22:2, [42], 24:36; 25:63; 27:40, 43, 54; 28:19)

2) References to God as Jesus’ “Father” (7:21; 10:32-33; 11:25-27; 12:50; 15:13; 16:17, 27; 18:10, 14, 19, 35; 20:23; 24:36; 25:34, 41; 26:29, 39, 42, 53; 28:19) b. of disciples: 1) References to disciples as “sons” (of God) (5:9, 45; 7:9; 9:15; 13:38; 17:25-26) 2)References to God as the disciples’ “father” (5:16, 45, 48; 6:1, 4, 6, 8-9, 14, 18, 26, 32; 7:11; 10:20, 29; 13:43; [21:31]; 23:9)

The book is characterized by the atmosphere of majesty - Everywhere the focus is on Jesus as the royal Son of God, whose origin is in God himself (1:18-25), and whose throne is the cross(27:32-54). There is an emphasis upon Jesus’ authority (e.g. 11:25-36), especially the authority of the exalted Christ which extends throughout the entire realm of reality (28:16-20). D.Each of the three major divisions may reach a climax with the declaration that Jesus is Son of God (3:17, 16:16, 27:54/28:19).

Questions: 1. How are 4:17 and 16:21 particularized, or spelled out, in the material that follows in each case? How are the general headings of 4:17 and 16:21 related to each other, and how do they illumine one another? 2. Why did the writer include these general headings, and develop them as he did? Why did he relate 4:17 and 16:21 as did? 3. Implications?